熵的应用综述.docVIP

熵的应用综述 苏州科技学院本科生毕业设计(论文) 熵的应用综述 摘 要 熵是物理学中的一个重要基本物理概念。本文着重介绍了物理教学中涉及到的克劳修斯熵、波尔兹曼熵和信息熵的概念。通过对克劳修斯熵、玻耳兹曼熵的讨论,得到熵的本质和孤立系统的熵增加原理,并把孤立系统的熵增加原理推广为开放系统的熵原理。指出熵和熵原理的应用早已超出了物理学的范畴, 广泛应用于许多自然科学和社会科学。用信息熵理论就生命过程、生病、衰老等一系列生命现象做出了解释,以及农业科技研究中的应用。阐述了熵原理在生命科学、宇宙热寂说和社会发展观方面的重要应用, 指出熵和熵原理有助于人们形成科学的世界观和价值观,做出科学决策。 关键词 熵;信息熵;负熵;生命现象;现代农业 I 苏州科技学院本科生毕业设计(论文) Discussion on application of entropy Abstract Entropy is an important and basic concept in physics and its essence is studied. In this paper the conceptions of the Clausius entropy and the Boltzmann entropy as well as the information entropy confronted in physics teaching are amply described. Entropy increase principle in isolated system, which is deduced from the discussion of Clausius entropy and Boltzmann entropy, has further deduced entropy principle in open system as well. The open system indicates that the application of entropy and its principle has gone far beyond physics and it has found its way in both natural and social sciences. Information entropy is used to make an explanation of life process, illness and dotage, along with the applications of entropy in the study of modem agriculture. Its application in life science, heat death, and social development is discussed. It is pointed out that entropy and entropy principle can make contributions to correct outlook formation and sound decision making. Key words entropy; information entropy; negative entropy; biological phenomena; modem agriculture II 苏州科技学院本科生毕业设计(论文) 目 录 第1章 绪论..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 引言.................................................................................................................................... 1 第2章 熵的物理含义 ..................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 克劳修斯熵 .....................................................................