工业革命【英文】-Industrial-Revolution.pptVIP

The Industrial Revolution? Student Handouts, Inc. The First Industrial Revolution Historical Significance of the Industrial RevolutionAn ancient Greek or Roman would have been just as comfortable in Europe in 1700 because daily life was not much different – agriculture and technology were not much changed in 2000+ yearsThe Industrial Revolution changed human life drasticallyMore was created in the last 250+ years than in the previous 2500+ years of known human history What was the Industrial Revolution? The Industrial Revolution was a fundamental change in the way goods were produced, from human labor to machinesThe more efficient means of production and subsequent higher levels of production triggered far-reaching changes to industrialized societies The Industrial Revolution Machines were invented which replaced human laborNew energy sources were developed to power the new machinery – water, steam, electricity, oil (gas, kerosene)Some historians place advances in atomic, solar, and wind energy at the later stages of the Industrial RevolutionIncreased use of metals and mineralsAluminum, coal, copper, iron, etc. The Industrial RevolutionTransportation improvedShipsWooden ships → Iron ships → Steel shipsWind-powered sails → Steam-powered boilersTrainsAutomobilesCommunication improvedTelegraphTelephoneRadio DevelopmentsMass production of goodsIncreased numbers of goodsIncreased diversity of goods producedDevelopment of factory system of productionRural-to-urban migrationPeople left farms to work in citiesDevelopment of capitalismFinancial capital for continued industrial growthDevelopment and growth of new socio-economic classesWorking class, bourgeoisie, and wealthy industrial classCommitment to research and developmentInvestments in new technologiesIndustrial and governmental interest in promoting invention, the sciences, and overall industrial growth Background of the Industrial RevolutionCommercial Revolution15th, 16th, and 17th centuriesEuropeans expanded their po