高一英语暑假课（人教版2019必修1）谓语动词时态、语态与主谓一致.docxVIP

高一英语暑假精品课（人教版2019必修1） 谓语动词时态、语态与主谓一致 |［函基础知识］ ― miiiiiiiiiMiiimiiiuiiiiiiNiiiiaiii — 一、谓语动词十种必考时态 动词的时态 时态是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。英语中有16种时 态。高考必考时态有十种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时，现在进行时、 过去进行时、过去将来时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进 行时。 英语时态 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时 现在 do/ does am/ is/ doing have/has done have/ has been doing 过去 did was/ were had done had been doing doing 将来 shall/ w 川 do shall/ will be doing shall/ will have done shall/ will have been doing 过去将来 should/ would do should/ would be doing should/ would have done should/ would have been doing （一）一般现在时 构成：do/does I .通常表示现阶段经常发生的动作、存在状态或经常的习惯性的动作。常与oflen, usually, always, sometimes, today, every five minutes, on Sundays 等时间状语连用。 She is always ready to help others.她总是乐于助人。 The old man goes to park every mo门ling.这位老人每天早上都去公园。 .现在完成进行时所用的时间状语 this month/wcck/ycar, these days, rccently/latcly, in the past few+时间段，since +时间点，for+时间段。 They have been building the bridge for two months. They have been planting trees this month.这个月他们在植树。 .现在完成进行时的用法 （1）表示动作的延续 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中国有 2, 000 年 的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去） I have been learning English since three years ago.自从三年前以来我一直在学 英语。（表示在说话时刻之前刚刚结束的动作） We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了。（动 作不再继续下去） 有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。 They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了 10 年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years.我在这里己经工作两年了。 大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。 I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书。（动作还将继续下去） I have written a book.我已经写了一本书。（动作已经完成） They have been building a bridge.他们一直在造一座桥。 They have built a bridge.他们造了一座桥。 表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。 I have been knowing...（x） 这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢，hale讨厌 等。 【疑难辨析】 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的辨析： (1)现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性 Have you been meeting him recently?你最近常和他见面吗？ Have you met him recently?你最近见到过他吗？ (2)现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙 I have been waiting for you for two