土木工程材料 课件 Chapter 1 Basic Properties of Civil Engineering Materials.pptx

Materials in CivilandConstructionEngineering土木工程材料

Chapter1BasicPropertiesofCivilEngineering Materials

1.1BasicPhysicalPropertiesofMaterials1.2MechanicalPropertiesofMaterials1.3DurabilityofMaterialsContent

1.1BasicPropertiesofCivil EngineeringMaterials

1.1 BasicPhysicalPropertiesofMaterials1.1.1 Density,ApparentDensityandBulkD1.DensityDensityisthemassperunitvolumewhenthematerialisintheabsolutedensestate.Itcanbeshownthat:Inthisformula:?isthedensity(g/cm3);misthemassunderdryconditions(g);Visthevolumeunderabsolutelycompactconditions(cm3).Volumeintheabsolutedensereferstothevolumeoftheindividualparticlesonly(novoids).Alotofcivilengineeringmaterialsincludevoids,suchasbrick,stoneandconcrete.Asforthesematerials,itisrequiredtogrindthematerialsintopowder,thendrytoconstantweightandmeasureitsvolumeusingLiBottle,whichisalsocalleddensitybottle.mV??

1.1 BasicPhysicalPropertiesofMaterials2.ApparentDensityApparentdensityisthemassperunitvolumewhenthematerialisinnaturalstate.Inthisformula:ρ0istheapparentdensity(kg/m3);misthemassunderdryconditions(kg);V0isthevolumeundernaturalconditions(m3).Thevolumeinnaturalstateincludesthevolumeofthesolidandinternalpores.Theapparentdensityvarieswithmoisturecontent.Apparentdensitygenerallyreferstoapparentdensityindrystate.0?mV0?

1.1 BasicPhysicalPropertiesofMaterials3.BulkDensityBulkdensityismassperunitvolumewhenpowderyorparticlematerialsareinthestackingcondition.Inthisformula:?0?isthebulkdensity(kg/m3);misthemassunderdryconditions(kg);V0?isthevolumeunderpackingconditions(m3).Bulkdensityisnotanintrinsicpropertyofamaterial;itvariesfromhowthematerialishandled.0V0????mstackingstateincludesparticlevolumeinter-particlevoidvolumeinternalporevolu