土木工程材料 课件 Chapter 7 Asphalt and Asphalt Concrete.pptx

Materials in CivilandConstructionEngineering土木工程材料

Chapter7AsphaltandAsphalt Concrete

7.1 Introduction7.27.37.47.57.67.7ClassificationAsphaltCementCutbackAsphaltEmulsifiedAsphaltOtherAsphaltAsphaltConcreteContent

7.1Introduction

7.1 IntroductionAsphaltisoneoftheoldestmaterialsusedinconstruction.Thefirstrecordeduseofasphaltdatesbackto3800BCinMesopotamiawherethematerialwasusedasanadhesivemortarforbuildingstonesandpavingblocks.AsphaltwasfirstusedinpavinginBabylonaround625BC,inthereignofKingNaboppolassar.Asphalt,alsoknownasbitumenisasticky,blackandhighlyviscousliquidorsemi-solidformofpetroleum.Itmaybefoundinnaturaldepositsormaybearefinedproduct.Thematerialsusedbytheseengineersofancienttimeswerenaturallyoccurringasphalts.Suchmaterialsarestillusedtoday,oftenforsimilarpurposes.However,thevastbulkoftodaysbituminousmaterialsaretheproductsofindustrialrefiningprocesses.

7.2Classification

7.2 ClassificationBituminousmaterialsareclassifiedasasphaltsandtars,asshowninFigure7.1.Asphaltisusedmostlyinpavementconstruction,butisalsousedassealingandwaterproofingagents.Tarisproducedbythedestructivedistillationofbituminouscoalorbycrackingpetroleumvapors.Tarisusedprimarilyforwaterproofingmembranes,suchasroofs.Tarmayalsobeusedforpavementtreatments,particularlywherefuelspillsmaydissolveasphaltcement,suchasonparkinglotsandairportaprons.Figure7.1Classificationofbituminousmaterials

7.3AsphaltCement

7.3 AsphaltCement7.3.1 CompositionAsphaltcementisamixtureofawidevarietyofhydrocarbonsprimarilyconsistingofhydrogenandcarbonatoms,withminorcomponentssuchassulfur,nitrogen,oxygen(heteroatoms),andtracemetals.Thepercentagesofthechemicalcomponents,aswellasthemolecularstructureofasphalt,varydependingonthecrudeoilsour