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Materials in CivilandConstructionEngineering土木工程材料
Chapter6Masonry
IntroductionHistoricalPerspective6.3MasonryUnitsandOthersAdvantagesandDisadvantagesFutureTrendsContent
6.1Introduction
6.1 IntroductionMasonryintheformofbrickwork,blockworkandnaturalstonemakeitabsolutelyoneofthemostpopularconstructionmaterials.Perhapsitisforthisreasonthatlittlethoughtneedstobegiventothedesignandbuildingofmasonrywalls.Thisofcourseisfarfromthecaseassuchwallshavetoperformsimultaneouslymanyfunctionsincludingstructure,thermalandsoundinsulationandweatherprotectionaswellasdivisionofspace.Eachfunctionhasitsowncriteriatomeet.Additionally,durability,costandconstructionfactorsactuallyplayimportantrolessothatmasonrywalldesignandconstructionisquiteacomplexprojectinfact.Theaimhasbeentotreateachaspectinsufficientdetailtoenablethereadertoappreciatetheproblemsinvolvedandtheirtreatmentinpractice.Thetext,startingwithahistoricalperspective,outlinescurrentmethodsindesignandconstructionwhilstseekingtoidentifyfuturetrends.
6.2HistoricalPerspective
6.2 HistoricalPerspectiveMasonryisoneoftheoldestconstructionmaterials.Someancientmasonrystructuresenjoyworldappreciate,suchasthePyramidsofEgypt,theGreatWallofChina,andGreekandRomanruins.Masonryunitsareapopularconstructionmaterialthroughouttheworldandcompetefavorablywithothermaterials,suchaswood,steel,andconcreteforcertainapplications.Inseveralmillenniums,thearchaeologicalandhistoricalrecordshowthatthebasicconstructionmaterialsusedtocreatehumanshelterwerethesameintheworldandwerederivedfromtheearthorplantlife.Figure6.1showsanexampleofaStoneAgehouseatSkaraBraeintheOrkneyIslands.Therequirementofbuildingsandpublicfacilities,associetiesbecamemoreco
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