教学法名词解释.pdfVIP

1.Structuralview

Thestructuralviewisoneofthecommonlyacceptedviewsoflanguage.

Itseeslanguageasalinguisticsystemmadeupofvarioussubsystems:phonology,

morphologyandsyntax.

Eachlanguagehasafinitenumberofsuchstructuralitems.Tolearnalanguagemeans

tolearnthesestructuralitemssoastobeabletounderstandandproducelanguage.

Whenthisstructuralviewoflanguagewascombinedwiththestimulus-response

principlesofbehaviouristicpsychology,theaudiolingualapproachtolanguage

learningemerged.

2.Functionalview

Thefunctionalviewisoneofthethreeviewsoflanguagethathaveinfluenced

languageteachingandlearningpractice.

Itnotonlyseeslanguageasalinguisticsystembutalsoameansfordoingthings:

offering,suggesting,advising,apologizing,etc.Therefore,learnerslearnalanguage

inordertodothingswithit.

Inordertoperformfunctions,learnersneedtoknowhowtocombinethegrammatical

rulesandthevocabularytoexpressnotionsthatperformthefunctions.

Examplesofnotionsaretheconceptofpresent,pastfuturetime,theexpressionsof

certaintyandpossibility,therolesofagents,instrumentswithinasentence,and

specialrelationshipsbetweenpeopleandobjects.

3.Interactionalview

Theinteractionalviewoflanguageisoneofthethreeviewsoflanguagethathave

influencedlanguageteachingandlearningpractice.

Itconsiderslanguagetobeacommunicativetool,whosemainuseistobuildup

andmaintainsocialrelationsbetweenpeople.

Learnersnotonlyneedtoknowthegrammarrulesandvocabularyofthelanguagebut

asimportantlytheyneedtoknowtherulesofusingtheminawholerangeof

communicativecontext.

4.Behavioristtheory

Thebehavioristtheoryisoneoftheinfluentialtheoriesoflanguagelearning.Itwas

init