MCE 癌症免疫治疗 Cancer Immunotherapy.docx

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Escaping

tumourcell

CD4

Tcell

Neutrophil

iNOS

ROS

NKcell

Tumourcell

TGFβ

ATP

Adenosine

IL-2

TGFβ,

IL-10

Bregcell

IL-12

CTL

(N-)CCL2

CCL2

Monocyte

iNOS

CCL17,

CCL22

TAM

Tregcell

MHC

IL-10

CCL5,

classII

CXCL5

Lipid

droplets

DC

Reference:

HannahGarner,KarinEdeVisser.Immunecrosstalkin

cancerprogressionandmetastaticspread:acomplexconversation.

NatRevImmunol.2020Aug;20(8):483-497.

DEATHS

1lN6

MCE

MasterofBioactiveMolecules

Cancer

Introduction

Withtheincreaseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide,cancerhasbecometheleadingcauseofdeathandaglobal

publichealthproblem.AccordingtostatisticsoftheWHOReportonCancer2020,therewereanestimated18.1millionnewcasesand9.6milliondeathsfromcancer.

In2018,lungcancerwasthemostfrequentlydiagnosed(11.6%in

ISDUETO

CANCER

allcases)cancerandtheleadingcauseofdeath(18.4%ofalldeaths)

fromcancer.Breastcancer,coloncancer,prostatecancer,stomach

2018

2040

cancerandlivercancerarecancerswithtopincidencesand

18.1mil

29.4mil

mortalities.Figure2showsthetop10typesofcancersintheworld,

ofwhichlungcancerandbreastcancerarementionedinthis

Cancercasesperyearglobally

handbook.

Figure1.Globalcancerburdens

Incidence

11.6%

Lung

Thetraditionalhallmarksofcancerincludesustainingproliferative

11.6%

signaling,evadinggrowthsuppressors,resistingcelldeath,enabling

36.7%

Breast

replicativeimmortality,inducingangiogenesis,andactivating

Other

invasionandmetastasis.Nowadays,reprogrammingofenergy

10.2%

metabolismandevadingimmunedestructionisincluded.Inthis

Colorectum

handbook,somehottopicsincancersuchascancermetabolism,

3%

7.1%

cancerimmunotherapy,andcancerstemcellsareinvolvedand

Bladder

Prostate

relatedsmallmoleculechemicalsarelistedpartially.

3.1%

3.2%

5.7%

Thyroid

4.7%Stomach

Cervixuteri

3.2%

Liver

Oesophagus

Content