英文版-国际贸易实务第四课-第六章-国际货物运输.pptVIP

1)LinerTransport（班轮运输）Freightisaspecialunitusedincalculatingchargesthatmustbepaidforshippingthecargo.Freightiscollectedindifferentways.Shippersshouldbefamiliarwiththeminordertoestimateandreduce,ifpossible,thecostoftransport.Oceanfreightmaybebroadlydividedintolinerfreightandcharterfreight.1）Weight重量法:foritemsmarkedwith“W”inthetariff,thefreightthereonaretobecalculatedpermetrictononweight(weightton).2)Measurement体积法:foritemsmarkedwith“M”,thefreightistobecalculatedpercubicmeteronmeasurementofthecargo(measurementton).3)AdVal.从价法:foritemsmarkedwith“ADVal.”,thefreightistobecalculatedonthebasisofthepriceorvalueofthecargoconcerned.Forsomevaluablegoodslikegold,silver,expensivefur,usually1-5%oftheprice.4)WeightorMeasurement，W/MorAdval，W/Mplusadval（选择法）5）PerHead、PerUnit（按件法）6）OpenRate议定法Thepracticeofpayingmoneytoashippingcompanytousetheirboats.Muchcheaperthanthatoftheliner.Shippersmaychoosedirectroute.Widelyusedintransportingbulkcargoes.CharterTransportFourcategories:Scheduledairlines班机运输operatingonascheduledservice,overafixedairlineandbetweenfixedairports,suitableforconveyingfresh,emergentandseasonalgoods.Charteredcarriers包机运输thehireofanaircraftbyashipperorseveralshipperstodelivercargoes,idealforcarryingcargoesoflargequantitiesorcarryingcargoesofdifferentshipperstothesamedestination.Airfreightisnormallycollectedaccordingtoactualweightforheavycargoormeasurementweightforlargevolumecargo.Theratesarenormallyquotedperkilogram.Theairfreightexcludesotherchargessuchascustomsfeesandstoragefees.Inordertostimulatetraffic,differenttypesofairfreightratesaredesigned.Forinstance,GeneralCargoRatesarethebasicrates.Specif