05-小说的兴起及笛福.ppt

TheRiseofNovelsDefoeFall,2013TheRiseofNovelsNovelsvs.Neo-Classicism18thcenturymiddleclassFoundersofEnglishnovels:Defoe笛福Swift斯威夫特Richardson理查逊Fielding菲尔丁DanielDefoe(1660-1731)Foe→DefoeTessDurbeyfield→D(e)’UrbervillesDissenter不信国教者merchantpamphlet活页政论文TheShortestWaywiththeDissenters《消灭不信国教者的捷径》(1702)“HymntothePillory”《枷颂》Tories托利党Whigs辉格党RobinsonCrusoe《鲁滨逊漂流记》(1719)1704AlexanderSelkirk“Sep30,1651”“RobinsonCrusoe”SummaryofRobinsonCrusoeTheme主题:A.manvs.natureB.colonialism殖民主义C.capitalism资本主义(2)Style风格:realistnovel现实主义小说A.real,vividB.details,plot,first-personperspective第一人称视角(3)Language语言:plainEnglishMollFlanders《摩尔·弗兰德斯》(1722)Picaresque流浪汉小说类型：无赖或流浪汉的冒险经历“picaro”无赖、流浪汉Didactic说教性ShortcomingsofDefoe’snovels(1)notmuchpsychologicaldescriptionofthecharacters→Richardson理查逊(2)loosestructure,simpleplot→Fielding菲尔丁JonathanSwift(1667-1745)斯威夫特Dublin,IrelandGulliver’sTravels《格列佛游记》(1726)abitingsatire辛辣的讽刺Lilliput小人国Brobdingnag大人国Laputa飞岛国Houyhnhnm智马国Yahoos耶胡SamuelRichardson(1689-1761)理查逊Pamela:orVirtueRewarded《帕米拉》(1740)（epistolary书信体）PamelaAndrews帕米拉·安德鲁斯,Mr.B（B少爷）characterization人物刻画Clarissa《克拉丽莎》(1747-1748)（sentimentality感伤）Clarissa,RobertLovelace拉夫雷斯HenryFielding(1707-1745)菲尔丁panoramic全景式descriptionofsocietyShamela《夏米拉》(1741)（Pamela之parody戏仿）JosephAndrews《约瑟夫·安德鲁斯》(1742)JosephAndrews约瑟夫,LadyBooby布比夫人TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling(1749)

《弃儿汤姆·琼斯的历史》Exercises1.Inthe18thcentury,satirewasmuchusedinwriting.Allofthefollowingareconsideredgreatsatiristsexcept______.A.AlexanderPopeB.JonathanSwiftC.HenryFieldingD.DanielDefoe2.Thewritingof_______madeabigadvanceinthe18thcentury.Themaincharacterswerenolongerkingsandnoblesbutthecommonpeople.A.plays