高中英语2025届高考语法复习定语从句知识讲解练习.doc

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高考英语语法复习

定语从句知识讲解练习

1.定语从句定义

定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

1.限制性定语从句：

对先行词起限定修饰作用

Heisamanwholikestravellingandreading.

和主句关系密切，不用逗号隔开，去掉主句,句子不完整。

2.非限制性定语从句：

对先行词起修饰作用(先行词与定语从句之间用逗号隔开)

Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasabeautifulgarden.

也可以对主句起修饰作用

Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherangry.

和主句关系不密切，用逗号分开，去掉主句，句子完整。

2.先行词

先行词是被定语从句修饰的成分。

先行词可以是名词、代词或整个主句。

先行词是指人时，可用that,who,whom,whose

Thisistheperson(who/whom/that)youwanttosee.

先行词是指物时，可用which,that,whose

Iliketoliveinaroomthat/whichhasawindowfacingsouth.

3.关系词

关系词：关系代词和关系副词两种

关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as

在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语

先行词是指人时，可用关系代词：that,who,whom,whose

Thisistheperson(who/whom/that)youwanttosee.

先行词是指物时，可用关系代词：which,that,whose

Iliketoliveinaroomthat/whichhasawindowfacingsouth.

Iliketoliveinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.

=Iliketoliveinaroomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.

=Iliketoliveinaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.

关系副词：when,where,why在从句中作状语

先行词是表示时间的名词时，可用when,inwhich,onwhich等；

Ineverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIcametothisschool.

先行词是表示地点的名词时，可用where,inwhich,atwhich等；

Thefactorywhere/inwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.

Thisisthefactorywhere/inwhichheworks.

如果定语从句修饰point，situation，part，condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导

Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.

区分：

there’sonepointthatwemustinsiston.

先行词是表示原因的名词时，可用why,forwhich等。

Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichyouwereabsent.

Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentwasthathewasill.

4.指物时，只用that的情况

(1)当先行词everything,nothing,something,anything,all,much,little,few,none,noone等词修饰时

Shedidallthatshecouldtohelpus.

(2)当先行词被theonly，thevery等修饰时

ThisistheverybookthatIwant.

(3)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.

(4)当先行词中既有人又有物

Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.

(5)一个