世纪英国文学背景维多利亚时代终结20th c english liture19.pptx

世纪英国文学背景维多利亚时代终结20th c english liture19.pptx

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20thCenturyEnglishLiterature;Background;TheSocialBackground;TheSocialBackground;TheSocialBackground;TheSocialBackground;Cultural/IdeologicalBackground;1.NewTheoriesandIdeas;1)Darwin’stheoryofevolution

2)Einstein’stheoryofrelativity

3)SigmundFreud’sanalyticalpsychology

4)KarlMarx

5)ArthurSchopenhauer

6)FriedrichNietzsche

7)HenryBergson’sirrationalphilosophy

8)Sartresexistentialism;Darwin’stheoryofevolution

Spencer’sSocialDarwinism;HerbertSpencer’sSocialDarwinism;2)Einsteinstheoryofrelativity;3)SigmundFreud’sanalyticalpsychology

弗洛伊德的精神分析学说;4)KarlMarxand

FriedrichEngels;5)ArthurSchopenhauer

(叔本华,1788-1860);6)FriedrichNietzsche

(尼采,1844-1900);Godisdead

NietzscheputsthestatementGodisDead

intothemouthofamadmanin

TheJoyfulScience(1882).;7)HenryBergson(1859-1941)’sirrationalphilosophy;HisconceptionsoflifeimpulseandpsychictimemadetheWesternidealistphilosophyafresh.

TheseirrationalistphilosophersexertedimmenseinfluencesoverthemajormodernistwritersinBritain.;8)Sartresexistentialism;Existentialistidea;NewTrends;2.Modernism;Thefirstdecadesofthe20thcenturysawseveralmajorworksofmodernismpublished,including

theseminalshortstorycollectionDublinersbyJamesJoyce

JosephConradsHeartofDarkness

thepoetryanddramaofWilliamButlerYeats

ImportantnovelistsbetweentheWorldWarsincluded

VirginiaWoolf

E.M.Forster

EvelynWaugh:Englishauthorofsatiricalnovels(1903-1966)

D.H.Lawrence;1)therisingofallkindsofliterarytrendsofmodernism;Characteristics;3)Modernismemphasizesontheneedtomoveawayfromthepublictotheprivate,fromtheobjectivetothesubjective.

Itelevatestheindividualandtheinnerbeingoverthesocialbeing,prefersthesub-conscioustotheself-conscious,andstressesonpassionandwilloverreasonandintellection,ondynamicvisionsoverthestaticimages.

4)TheFrenchsymbolismhera

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