英语语法(01语法层次).pptx

WhatisGrammar;Simplerput:;Unit1:LevelsofEnglishGrammar;学习内容预告：

本单元之后，请预习：

第4、5讲：名词和名词词组、名词属格;Thesubjectofthiscourse:;DifferentlevelsofformsinEnglish:

（DiscourseText）SentenceClausePhrase

WordMorpheme;A）Morphemes(词素);Affixes：（词缀的结构分类）;词缀的功能分类：;Next,let’slookmorecloselyatsomeexamplesofstems,affixationsandtheirrolesinformingEnglishwords.

（Ihavepreparedalistofthestems,prefixesandsuffixesofEnglishwords,whichisinaWordfile.Ifyouareinterested,youcancopyitafterclass.）;1）ExamplesofPrefixes:

a-,an-

/without,lacking,not/

asymmetric,apolitical

bi-

/two/

bicycle,bilateral;形式有差异，但意义相同的词缀：

（词缀变体，由不同的语音导致的变化）：

com-,con-,col-,cor-,co-

/together,with/

combinecontractcolleaguecorrespondcooperation;形式相同，但意义不同的词缀：

im-,in-,il-,ir-

/in,into,on/

immigrant,income,illustration,;反义词缀：

inter- /between/ international,interpersonal,

intra-,intro- /within/ intragroup,introduction

sub- /under/ submarine,subsonic

super- /above,greater/ supersonic,superpower;反义词缀：;同义、近义词缀：;同义、近义词缀：

demi- /ahalforapartof/ demi-god

semi-/half,partly/ semiconductor,semifinal,

hemisphere

fore- /before,infrontof/

forehead, forerunner

pre- /before/

prewar,prepare, preschool;2）ExamplesofSuffixes:

有些后缀仅仅具有句法意义：;有些后缀则既有句法意义，也有语义意义：;有些后缀具有不同的意义（例如相反意义）：

-er,-or,-eer

/n.onewho/interviewer,employer,operator,actor,engineer

-ee

/n.onewho(usu.inpassivesense)/

interviewee,employee,testee;3）ExamplesofStems:;-cap-,-capit- /head,chief/

capital,captain,

-dict- /say,speak/

dictation,dictionary,contradiction

-son- /sound/

consonant,resonant,ultrasonic;小贴士：词根的典故：;Justasmallquiz,beforewegoon:;Nowlet’sgotothenextlevelofgrammar：thewordlevel.;B)Words:;Closedclasswords

(functionwords,封闭类词，虚词)这类词无词形变化，数量小

Preposition,pronoun,determiner,conjunction,auxiliary

and in the they shall;Openclasswords;TypesofEnglishWords;1)Simpleword（简单词）;2)Derivative