alevel资源-纯数学课件.pptx

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Chapter7ApplicationofDifferentiation

Maximumandminimumpointsyx3Ifx13,thenf(x1)f(3);Ifx23,thenf(x2)f(3).Foreveryvalueofxotherthan3,f(x)isgreaterthanf(3)=-5Thepoint(3,-5)istheminimumpointonthegraphofy=f(x)

Aminimumpointdoesnothavetobethelowestpointonthewholegraph,butisthelowestpointinitsimmediateneighborhood.yx10Thepoint(0,0)isaminimumpoint.Thisisshownbythefactf(x)0foreverynumberx1exceptx=0althoughf(x)0whenx1

DefinitionAfunctionf(x)hasaminimumatx=qifthereisanintervalpxrcontainingqinwhichf(x)f(q)foreveryvalueofxexceptqItisamaximumiff(x)f(q)foreveryvalueofxintheintervalexceptqThepoint(q,f(q))iscalledaminimumpoint,oramaximumpointMinimumandmaximumpointsaresometimesalsocalledturningpoints.

pqrminimumy=f(x)yxpqrmaximumy=f(x)yxIf(q,f(q))isaminimumormaximumpointofthegraphofy=f(x),theneitherf’(q)=0orf’(q)=isundefined.

AlltheseresultscanbesummedupasaprocedureTofindtheminimumandmaximumpointsonthegraphofy=f(x):Step1Decidethedomaininwhichyouareinterested.Step2Findanexpressionforf’(x).Step3Listthevalueofxinthedomainforwhichf’(x)iseither0orundefined.Step4Takingeachofthesevaluesofxinturn,findthesignoff’(x)inintervalsimmediatelytotheleftandtotherightofthatvalue.Step5Ifthesesignsare–and+respectively,thegraphhasaminimumpoint.Ifthesignsarethesame,ithasneither.Step6Foreachvalueofxwhichgivesaminimumormaximum,calculatef(x)

ExampleFindtheminimumpointonthegraphwithequation

Thankyou!

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