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重庆市医院类建筑中央空调工程冷热源方案分析

摘要

本文在冷热源方案选择中综合考虑和运用诸多方面的技术知识，主要包括：国家的能源资源状况，国家的能源政策；重庆的能源状况（包括石柱县的状况）；相关设计标准、规范；各种冷、热源形式，各种能源转换设备的种类、工作原理、性能特点及其适用场合；冷、热源设计方案比较中采用的评价准则和指标；能源利用及冷热源设备的运行与环境的关系、保护环境的设计措施。

?因建筑物的空调负荷是变化的，冷、热源所要提供的冷、热量在大多数情况下都小于设计最大负荷，机组在部分负荷下工作的效率都小于机组额定负荷运行时的效率。所以，本文在选择冷、热源设备时，还对空调负荷进行了设计和计算。

并且以石柱中医院工为例进行分析，通过对该工程冷热源的初投资、能源供应、技术性能、环境影响等因素，进行综合评价分析，最终认为该类建筑在该地区采用风冷热泵冷水机组最适宜。

关键词

:医院、冷(热)源、方案设计、综合性

目录

第一章绪论···················································3

1、背景····························································3

2、我国能源状况·····················································3

3、重庆市能源结构状况及石柱县的能源结构现状··························4

4、重庆建筑能耗现状·················································5

5、重庆医院类建筑能耗现状···········································6

第二章医院建筑空调系统、冷热源设计方法及依据··8

1、暖通设计规范及标准···············································8

2、设计计算内容及原始资料···········································9

3、空调负荷计算····················································10

4、空调冷热源方案确定方法···········································15

第三章不同冷热源方案的性能对比····················17

1、风冷热泵型中央空调系统·········································17

2、地源热泵系统····················································18

3、水源热泵系统····················································20

4、直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组·····················24

5、电动单螺杆冷水机组+电热水锅炉··················25

6、冰蓄冷空调系统·················································26

7、不同方案的适用性分析···········································27

第四章典型案例分析······································27

1、工程概况·······················································27

2、工程冷热源方案的技术、经济、环境影响对比························27

第五章结论··················································29

参考文献·······················································29

丰富，但没有石油资源。因此，重庆市以煤炭为主的能源消费结构仍将持续，所占比重也将维持在65%左右。

石柱县工业以燃煤为主，县城生活能源以电能、煤炭为主。农村生活用能以柴薪+秸秆+煤的混合型结构为主,其中柴薪、秸秆等生物质能直接燃烧的比例过大,全县平均达到83%,沼气、秸秆气等可再生能源及电、液化气、天然气等商品能的使用比例过低。

4、重庆建筑能耗现状

据重庆市建筑节能协会的表格调查，重庆的公共建筑能源消耗形势较为严峻，具有较大的节能潜力。具体调