虚拟语气高清版.docx

四种从句谓语形式

实义动词

系动词

情态动词+do

助动词+do

虚拟语气可以表示建议、责备、悔恨、遗憾、感谢、愿望、夸张

一、时态倒退1步

从句的动词可以是：

实义动词

系动词

情态动词+do

助动词+do

但是主句的动词必须是4个情态动词

might/could/should/could

例题1：Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time，Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

A.havebeen

B.hadhad

C.have

D.had?

解析：主句是woulddo，还有时间状语now。表示是与现在的事实相反，排除AB；时态倒退一步，所以排除C。选择D

例题2：IfI_____itwithmyowneyes，Iwouldnthavebelievedit.

A.didntsee

B.werentseeing

C.wouldntsee

D.hadntseen?虚拟语气中，还有：

错综虚拟

含蓄虚拟

省略倒装虚拟

错综虚拟：主句和从句的时间可以不一致

e.g.：IfIhadgonetobedearlierlastnight，Iwouldnotbesleepynow.

条件句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时

主句与现在事实相反，用wmcs+do

例题4：Ifwe_____theflightyesterday，wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.

A.hadcaught

B.caught

C.havecaught

D.wouldcatch

例题5：Ifwe_______atableearlier，wecouldntbestandinghereinaqueue.

A.havebooked

B.booked

C.book

D.hadbooked?

含蓄虚拟：可用介词短语或副词代替if条件句，如：

without：没有…的话

butfor：要不是

otherwise/or：否则，要不然

例题6：Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingway______hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

A.didntwrite

B.hadntwritten

C.wouldntwrite

D.wouldnthavewritten?

例题7：ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher，I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.

A.wouldnotwin

B.wouldnothavewon?

C.wouldwin

D.wouldhavewon

省略倒装虚拟：

省略if

把should/had/were提前

其余照搬

例题8：_______nomoderntelecommunications，wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.

A.Werethere?

B.Hadtherebeen

C.Ifthereare

D.Iftherehavebeen

虚拟语气中常见表达：

Iwish：我多么希望…

ifonly：要是…就好啦！

asif/asthough：似乎、好像

以上三种，在对将来虚拟是只能用woulddo/coulddo

wouldrather：宁愿（现在/将来虚拟：did/were；过去虚拟：haddone）

虚拟语气在写作中怎么用

【翻译】要是没有老师给我们提供的支持和帮助，我们的演出不会如此成功。

lfourteacherhadntprovidedsupportandhelpforus，ourperformancewouldnthavebeensosuccessful.

【含蓄虚拟】Butforthesupportandhelpprovidedbyourteacher，ourperformancewouldnthavebeensuchagreatsuccess.

【省略倒装虚拟】Hadntourteacherprovidedsupportandhelpforus,ou