2024年概况知识点复习.docx

英語国家概况知识要点梳理（英国部分）

Chapter1英国概览

1.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesareGreatBritain?and?Ireland.

2.ThelargestriverinBritainis?theSevernRiver.

3.Britain’sclimateandtemperature

4.20%ofthepeopleinWalesspeakWelshlanguageinWales.

5.ScotlandisthesecondlargestpartbothinareaandpopulationinUK.

6.TheconceptoftheBritishIslesandGreatBritain.??

7.Thewell-knownitemsinScotlandforthetouristsfromallovertheworldarewhisky,kilts,andbagpipes.

8.The?factorsinfluencingEnglishweatherarenorthAtlanticdrift,thesouthwesterlywindandtheconfigurationof?Britain.

9.The?development?oftheEnglishlanguagecanbedividedintothreeperiods:Old?English,MiddleEnglishandModern?English.

10.OriginsandcompositionsofBritishpeople.

11.?Descriptionofthe?fourseasonsofEngland.

Chapter2英国历史

1.CeltsweredifferentgroupsofancientpeoplewhocameoriginallyfromGermany.

2.JuliusCaesarinvadedandconqueredBritainforthefirsttimein55BC.

3.TheHundredYears’Warstartedin1337.

4.AnglesgavetheirnametoEnglandandtheEnglishpeople.

5.TheGreatCharterwassignedin1215byKingJohn.

6.BritainwasthefirstcountrytostarttheIndustrialRevolutionwhichcontributedtotheestablishmentoftheBritishEmpire.

7.TheHundredYears’War

8.NormanConquest

9.TheRomaninvasionofBritain

Chapter3英国政治

TheBritishgovernmentischaracterizedbyadivisionofpowersamongthejudiciary,legislatureandexecutivebranches.

Generallyspeaking,theBritishParliamentoperatesonatwo-partysystem.

TheCabinetisatthecenteroftheBritishpoliticalsystem.

TheinterruptionofBritishmonarchythroughoutthehistory.

ThemembersoftheHouseofCommonsareelectedratherthanappointed.

TheBritishPrimeMinisteristheleaderofthemajoritypartyinParliament.

TheconstitutionalmonarchyinUK

TheQueen’spowersinUK

ThedifferencesbetweentheHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCo