数字电路与逻辑设计 课件 12-数字系统设计-简易处理器设计 .pptx

数字系统设计

--简易处理器设计片上微控制系统原理与项目设计第十二讲

授课内容数字系统设计处理数字滤波器控制微处理器设计处理器电路，计算N！

3IntroductionProgrammable(general-purpose)processorMass-produced,thenprogrammedtoimplementdifferentprocessingtasksWell-knowncommonprogrammableprocessors:Pentium,Sun’sSpareOtherprogrammableprocessors:ARM,MIPS,8051,PIC,PowerPCLow-costembeddedprocessorsfoundincellphones,blinkingshoes,etc.HowtodesignasimpleprogrammableprocessorusingdigitaldesignmethodsRealprocessorscanbemuchmorecomplex8.1Seatbeltwarninglightsingle-purposeprocessor2x4e2310c0c1c2xt1regxt0xt2++***x(t)x(t-1)x(t-2)InstructionmemoryControllerPCIRRegisterfileRFDatamemoryDALUn-bit2x1Therepresentationoftheprocessingtaskinthememoryisknownasaprogram3-tapFIRfiltersingle-purposeprocessorGeneral-purposeprocessoraControlunitDatapath

4BasicArchitectureProgrammableprocessorconsistsoftwomainparts:AdatapathAcontrolunitProcessinggenerallyconsistsof:LoadingsomedataTransformingthatdataTransformationstakeplaceinsideaprocessor’sdatapath.StoringthatdataBasicdatapath:UsefulcircuitinaprogrammableprocessorCanread/writedatamemory,wheremaindataexistsHasregisterfiletoholddatalocallyHasALUtotransformlocaldata8.2RegisterfileRFDatamemoryDALUn-bit2x1BasicDatapath

5BasicDatapathOperationsLoadoperation:LoaddatafromanylocationinthedatamemoryintoanyregisterintheRFALUoperation:TransformsdatabypassingoneortwoRFregistervaluesthroughALU,performingoperation(ADD,SUB,AND,OR,etc.),andwritingbackintoRF.Storeoperation:Stores(writes)RFregistervaluebackintoanydatamemorylocationNote:EachoperationcanbedoneinoneclockcycleRegisterfileRFDatamemoryDALUn-bit2x1RegisterfileRFDatamemoryDALUn-bit2x1RegisterfileRFDatamemoryDALUn-bit2x1LoadoperationALUoperationStoreoperationa

6UnderstandingDatapathOperationsQ:Whichofthefollowingarevalidsingle-clock-cycleoperationsfo