英国文学简史 刘炳善著(1-3单元).pdf

Partone

ConquestsInfluences

A.Earlyperiod:

1.TheRomanconquest:

(1)TheRomancivilization文明；文化

(2)Christianity(基督教)

(3)Flouring(兴旺)oftownsalongmilitaryroads

2.TheEnglishconquest:

(1)ThreetribesEnglisholdEnglish(theAngles,SaxonsandJutes)

(2)Tribalsociety-feudalism(社会封建制度)

B.Medievalperiod:

1.TheDanishconquest

2.TheNormanconquest

(1)TheFrench-SpeakingNormansunderDukeWilliamcamein1066

(2)Establishmentoffeudalism(封建制度)

(3)FrenchwordscametoEnglish

Anglo-SaxonPoetry(499-1066)

1.Anglo-Saxons:theancestorsoftoday’sEnglishmen

2.ThebeginningofhistoryofEnglishliterature

3.Features:alliteration(头韵)rhymesmetaphors(押韵的比喻)andunderstatements(轻描淡

写)

4.Theonlygreatwork:Beowulf

Beowulf

1.Anationalepic(史诗般的作品)oftheEnglishpeople.

2.Pagan(异教徒的)poetryNorepresentativefigure(没有代表性人物)

3.AfolklegendbroughttoEnglandbyAnglo-SaxonfromNorthernEurope.

4.Praisesman’senergy,intellectandloveoflife;andexposesthesocialvices.(社会的黑暗面)

FeaturesofBeowulf

1.Alliteration

2.Metaphors(隐喻)

3.Understatements(保守的陈述)

ThesignificanceofBeowulf

1.Thisglorious(辉煌的)epicpresentsusavividpictureofthelifeofAnglo-Saxonpeopleand

highlypraisesthebraveandcourageousspiritofthefightingagainstthevices.

2.Theepicreflectsthesituationsthepagantribalism(部落文化)andoftheera(时代)ofthe

Christianized(基督教化)feudalsociety.

3.Theepicgivesthevividportrayal(写照)ofagreatnationalhero,strongandcourageouspeople

andhiskinfolk.(亲属)

FeudalEngland

1.Thechieffeaturesofthesocietywasdivisionintotwoclasses:Landlordsandpeasants.

2.Thepeasants’risingshookthefeudalsysteminEnglandtotheroot.

TheRomance

1.Thecodeofmannersandmoralsofaknightisknownaschivalry(骑士精神).

2.TheEnglishversionsofromancesweretranslatedfromFrenchorLatin.

3.TheromanceofKingArthuristhe