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§3ProteinStructureConjugatedprotein:consistsofAAsandothers(Native)ProteinSimpleprotein:onlyconsistsofAAsApoprotein+prostheticgroup1
Theseproteinsarereferredasconjugatedproteinswhiletheaminoacidpartaloneiscalledapoprotein.2
§3ProteinStructure§3.1PrimaryStructure§3.2SecondaryStructure§3.3TertiaryQuaternaryStructure§3.4Folding,UnfoldingRefolding3
§3.1PrimaryStructureRelatedconceptsStructuralfeaturesHomology(同源性)4
RelatedconceptsPeptidebond/肽键:~1000yearsinH2OwithoutcatalystPeptidebond/肽键:~1000yearsinH2OwithoutcatalystPeptidebond/肽键:~1000yearsinH2OwithoutcatalystSidechain侧链C-terminalC-末端N-terminalN-末端Residue/氨基酸残基:Itsaveragemolecularweightis110statisticallyestimatedbytheoccurrenceof20AAsinnaturalproteins5
Relatedconcepts(ctnd)Oligopeptides/寡聚肽:lessthan50aaresiduesPolypeptides/多肽:btw50-10aaresiduesProtein/蛋白质:morethan100aaresiduesEachpeptidehasacharacteristictitrationcurveandanisoelectricpoint(pI).6
Peptidebondisrigidandplanar1.49?1.27?1.32?Structuralfeatures(ctnd)7
c)?=0o,?=0o;itisdisallowedbythestericoverlapbetweenHandOatomsofadjacentpeptideplanes.b)?=180o,?=180o;thepeptideisinitsfullyextendedconformation.Structuralfeatures(ctnd)8
RamachandranplotforL-AlaresiduesDarkblue:nostericoverlapandfullyallowed;mediumblue:attheextremelimitsforunfavorableatomiccontacts;lightestblue:permissibleifalittleflexibilityisallowedStructuralfeatures(ctnd)9
HomologyHomologousproteins:evolutionarilyrelated;performthesamefunctionindifferentspeciesInvariantresidues:Manypositionsinprimarystructureareoccupiedbythesameaaresiduesinallspecies.Variableresidues:OtherpositionsinprimarystructureareoccupiedbydifferentaaresiduesindifferentspeciesConservativesubstitutions:Insomepositions,allsubstitutionsinvolvesimilaraaresidues(e.g.,Arg?Lys,bothofwhichar
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