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§8.1Nucleotides(核苷酸)§8.2NucleicAcids(核酸)§8.3NucleicAcidChemistry§8.4OtherFunctionsofNucleotides§8Nucleotidesnucleicacids1
b-RibonucleotideD-2
b-D-deoxyribonucleotide3
Basesinnucleotides4
§8.2NucleicAcidsBriefHistoryaboutDNADNAStructureRNAStructure5
1869,Miescherisolatesnuclein1928,GriffithfindsStreptococcustransformation1944,AverydiscoveredthatDNAwasthegeneticmaterialBy1947,ChargaffhaddevelopedaseriesofrulesbasedonasurveyofDNAcompositioninorganismsEarlyin1950s,WilkinsFranklinusedX-raycrystallographytostudythestructureofDNA1952,HersheyfarthershowedthatDNAwasthegeneticmaterial1953,WatsonCrickproposethedouble-helicalstructureofDNA......BriefHistoryaboutDNA6
1928,Griffith’stransformationexperiment(1)7
1928,Griffith’stransformationexperiment(2)8
1928,Griffith’stransformationexperiment(3)9
1928,Griffith’stransformationexperiment(4)Return10
1944,Avery-MacLeod-McCartyexperimentReturn11
Franklin’sX-raypictureforDNAReturn12
1952,AlfredD.HersheyMarthaChaseexperimentReturn13
Return14
DNAStructureDoubleHelix15
DNAStructure:doublehelix16
A-DNAB-DNAZ-DNAAllcontain21basepairsDNAStructure:threehelixforms(1)17
A-DNAB-DNAZ-DNADNAStructure:threehelixforms(2)B-DNA:生理条件下最稳定的构象;A-DNA:片段DNA在晶体状态下的构象,尚未知在细胞中是否存在;Z-DNA:生理条件下局部DNA可存在的构象,它表是该段DNA可能处于活动状态——转录、重组等.18
DNAStructure:Palindromesmirrorrepeats19
DNAStructure:Hairpin20
DNAStructure:Cruciform21
DNAStructure:threeDNAstrandsHoogsteenPairsWaston-CrickPairs22
DNAStructure:HDNA23
DNAStructure:fourDNAstrands(1)24
DNAStructure:fourDNAstrands(2)25
UnusualDNAstructures(includingtriplehelixandtetraplex)tendtoappearatsiteswhereimportanteventsinDNAmetabolism(replication,recombination,transcription)areinitiatedorregulated26
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§8.1Nucleotides(核苷酸)§8.2NucleicAcids(核酸)§8.3NucleicAcidChemistry§8.4OtherFunctionsofNucle
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