英语阅读理解.doc

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2024-12-29 发布于四川
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英语阅读理解.doc

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PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[35MIN]

SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS

PASSAGEONE

(1)LifecanbetoughforimmigrantsinAmerica.AsaRomanianbankclerkinAtlantaputsit,tofindagoodjobyouhavetobelikeawolfintheforest--abletosmelloutthebestmeat.”Andifyoucantfindwork,don’texpectthetaxpayertobailyouout.UnlikeinsomeEuropeancountries,itisextremelyhardforanable-bodiedimmigranttoliveoffthestate.Alawpassedin1996explicitlybarsmostimmigrants,eventhosewithlegalstatus,fromreceivingalmostanyfederalbenefits.

(2)ThatisonereasonwhyAmericaabsorbsimmigrantsbetterthanmanyotherrichcountries,accordingtoanewstudybytheUniversityofCalifomnia.Theresearcherssoughttomeasuretheeffectofimmigrationonthenative-bornin20richcountries,takingintoaccountdifferencesinskillsbetweenimmigrantsandnatives,imperfectlabormarketsandthesizeofthewelfarestateineachcountry.

(3)Theirresultsofferammunitionforfansofmoreopenborders.In19outof20countries,theauthorscalculatedthatshuttingthedoorsentirelytoforeignworkerswouldmakethenative-bornworseoff.Nevermindwhatitwoulddototheimmigrantsthemselves,whobenefitfarmorethananyoneelsefrombeingallowedtocrossborderstofindwork.

(4)Thestudyalsosuggeststhatmostcountriescouldhandlemoreimmigrationthantheycurrentlyallow.InAmerica,aone-percentagepointincreaseintheproportionofimmigrantsinthepopulationmadethenative-born0.05%betteroff.Theoppositewastrueinsomecountrieswithgenerousorill-designedwelfarestates,however.Aone-pointriseinimmigrationmadethenative-bornslightlyworseoffinAustria,Belgium,Germany,Luxembourg,theNetherlands,SwedenandSwitzerland.InBelgium,immigrantswholosejobscanreceivealmosttwo-thirdsoftheirmostrecentwageinstatebenefits,whichmustmaketheh