高三英语二轮12个专题复习学案（最全）.doc

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第一篇基础巩固篇专题复习一高中英语词汇词形转换总结

第一部分词形转换总结

一、名词的复数形式构成：

1.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数

(1)加s,如：cafes,giraffes

(2)去f,fe加ves,如：

half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveslife-liveswolf-wolvesthief-thievesself-selveswife-wivesshelf-shelves

歌诀记忆：树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄；妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮；架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf)；就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。这9个名词变复数时,都要改f(e)为v,再加es,

2.以o结尾的名词,变复数

(1)加s,如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radios

zoo-zooskilo-kilos

(2)加es,如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesmango-mangoes,

Negro-Negroeshero-heroes

歌诀记忆：黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃芒果、西红柿(tomato)和马铃署(potato).除了这五个以o结尾的名词加es外,其余的以o结尾的词加s.

3.表示“国家”的名词变复数

Chinese-Chinese

Japanese-JapaneseEnglishman-Englishmen

Frenchman-FrenchmenCanadian-Canadians

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Russian-RussiansIndian-IndiansAmerican-Americans

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歌诀记忆：中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变,其余s加后面。

4.以复数形式出现的名词

goods货物trousers/pants/jeans/shorts裤子clothes衣服glasses眼镜

5.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词

(1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。

(2)news是不可数名词。

(3)theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。

6.由man和woman构成的合成名词,两个构成部分都要变成复数

如：amanworker-twomenworkers(男工人)

awomandoctor-twowomendoctors(女医生)

7.以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es。例如：

baby-babies,city-cities,story-stories,party-parties,lady-ladies,

diary-diaries,century-centuries,copy-copies,还有:country,company,factory,family,memory,enemy,hobby,dictionary,university

8.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es,如：

class,bus,boss,class,glass,dress,box,fox,watch,speech,beach,church,sandwich,coach,match,inch,brush,dish,wish,fish

9.其他不规则变化

man-men,woman-women,goose-geese,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children

fish-fish,deer-deer,sheep-sheep,mouse-mice,fisherman-fishermen,policeman-policemen,chairman-chairmen,spaceman-spacemen,

postman-postmen,salesman-salesmen,snowman-snowmen.

歌诀记忆：男人(man)女人(woman)a变e,鹅(goose)足(foot