研究生英语阅读教程u.pptVIP

当我听人们说体育运动可创造国家之间的友谊，还说各国民众若在足球场或板球场上交锋，就不愿在战场上残杀的时候，我总是惊愕不已。一个人即使不能从具体的事例（例如1936年的奥林匹克运动会）了解到国际运动比赛会导致疯狂的仇恨，也可以从常理中推断出结论。现在开展的体育运动几乎都是竞争性的。参加比赛就是为了取胜。如果不拚命去赢，比赛就没有什么意义了。在乡间的草坪上，当你随意组成两个队，并且不涉及任何地方情绪时，那才可能是单纯的为了娱乐和锻炼而进行比赛。可是一量涉及到荣誉问题，一旦你想到你和某一团体会因为你输而丢脸时，那么最野蛮的争斗天性便会激发起来。即使是仅仅参加过学校足球赛的人也有这种体会。在国际比赛中，体育简直是一场模拟战争。但是,重要的还不是运动员的行为，而是观众的态度，以及观众身后各个国家的态度。面对着这些荒唐的比赛，参赛的各个国家会如痴如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期内如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球是对一个民族品德素质的检验。PartIII(para.6—9)Thefiercepassionsforsportareboundupwithnationalism.PARTONEPoint1InEngland,theobsessionwithsportisbadenough,butevenfiercerpassionsarearousedinyoungcountrieswheregamesplayingandnationalismarebothrecentdevelopments.obsess:fillsomeone’smindcontinuouslyPoint2Assoonasstrongfeelingsofrivalryarearoused,thenotionofplayingthegameaccordingtotherulesalwaysvanishes.Assoonasfiercepassionsofcompetitionarearoused,thenotionofplayingthegameaccordingtotherulesnolongerexists.Point3Inotherwords,sportiswarminustheshooting.withoutPoint4devotiontoItismoreusefultoinquirehowandwhythismoderncultofsportarose.Point5Therecannotbemuchdoubtthatthewholethingisboundupwiththeriseofnationalism---thatis,withthelunaticmodernhabitofidentifyingoneselfwithlargepowerunitsandseeingeverythingintermsofcompetitiveprestige.iscloselyconnectedwithmadidentify(oneself)with:beassociatedwith,feelclosetoseeingeverythingintermsofcompetitiveprestige:perceivingeverythingintheperspectiveofcompetitiveprestigePoint6Also,organizedgamesaremorelikelytoflourishinurbancommunitieswheretheaveragehumanbeinglivesasedentaryoratleastaconfinedlife,anddoesnotgetmuchopportunityforcreativelabor.grow,prospersedentary:seenote13UnitFifteenContentsIntroductionText(A)analysisSomecommentsonwritingText(B)analysisFurtherreadingExercisesIntroductionTextAa