系统解剖学绪论骨学.pptVIP

OutlineIV.AimsofthestudyTounderstandthenormalmorphologicalstructure,positionandadjacency,growthanddevelopmentpatternofhumanorgansandsystems,providingbasicknowledgeonlearningpre-clinicandclinicalmedicinecourses.解剖学的地位恩格斯:“没有解剖学就没有医学”讨论：有人说中医无解剖，照此推论，中医难道就不是医学？孔子曰：“未知生，焉知死”。只有实现生命价值的人，才能真正懂得死亡的意义。相对其他自然科学以客观为对象，医学则是研究人类自身的学问。生命现象的认识过程是循序渐进的，由整体到部分；由宏观到微观；由个体到群体；由现象到本质。医学教育的过程是“不知死，焉知生”。解剖学教学对于每个医学生而言，是窥探并正式进入医学圣殿的第一步。V.HowtostudyHumananatomyisapracticalscience.Weshouldattachgreatimportancetothepractice,aswellasclinicalcorrelation.UppsalaUniversity(1477)SwedenTheAnatomyLessonofDr.NicolaesTulp），画家伦勃朗（1606—1669）VI.Anatomicalterms

1.AnatomicalPositionErectpositionFacePalmsToesforward前anterior后Posterior上superior下inferior颅侧cranial尾侧caudal近侧Proximal远侧distal桡侧radial尺侧ulnar腓侧fibular胫侧tibia腹侧ventral背侧dorsal2.Termsofthedirection内Internal外External浅superficial深profound1234A.SuperiorB.InferiorC.Distal2.A.AnteriorB.SuperiorC.Proximal3.A.MedialB.InferiorC.VentralA.SuperiorB.InferiorC.LeftChoices1.A.SuperiorB.InferiorC.Head2.A.InferiorB.LateralC.RadialA.InternalB.SuperiorC.Medial4.A.SuperiorB.InferiorC.RightA.AnteriorB.ProximalC.Inferior12③453Choices3.AxisandplanesSagittalCoronalHorizontalVerticalSagittalCoronalAxisPlanesDorsalCranialcavityVentralcanalVentralThoraciccavityAbdominalcavityBodyCavitiesLocomotorsystembonearticulationmuscleleveragepivotofmovementpowerprovider重点effort支点支点重点力点resistancefulcrumeffortresistancefulcrumOsteologyI.GeneralDescriptionofOsteologyAxialskeletonAppendicularskeletonPropershapeCharacteristicfunctionsOwnbloodandnervesupplyMetabolismandplasticityB