英语语法-第十章主谓一致导学案-高三下学期英语一轮复习专项.docx

第十章主谓一致

在英语中，主语和谓语动词在人称、数方面需要保持一致。主谓一致需要遵守以下三个原则：

语法一致

邻近一致

意义一致

语法一致

语法一致指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。

1.可数名词单数和不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Theboylikesplayingfootball.

Waterisveryimportantforourlife.

倒装句：Onthewallhangsamap.

2.可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数。

Booksareourgoodfriends.

倒装句：Hereethreesoldiers.

3.动名词(短语)、不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.

Tobeasuperstarismydream.

Thatheisathiefisknownbyus.

注：WhatIneedisagoodsleep.

Whatweneedaregoodteachers.

4.and,both..and..连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数。

Thewriterandtheprofessorareveryrespectable.

Boththesingerandthedancerareperformingnow.

5.“manya/morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Manyastudentisgoingtoattendthemeeting.

Morethanonestudenthasmadethismistake.

注：Manystudentsaregoingtoattendthemeeting.

Morethantenstudentshavemadethismistake.

Morestudentsthanonehavemadethismistake.

6.定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。

Theboywhoisstandingthereismybrother.

Thebooksthatareonthetablearemine.

对比：

Tomisoneofthestudentswhohavebeenthere.

Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeenthere.

7.aquantityof/quantitiesof+可数名词复数或不可数名词和alargeamountof/amountsof+不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和quantity和amount的单复数一致。

Aquantityofapplesisonthetable.

Quantitiesofwaterareneeded.

Alargeamountofinformationhasbeencollected.

Amountsofmoneyweredonatedtothecharity.

8.由对称部分构成的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：trousers,pants,shorts,shoes,boots,socks,stockings,glasses,chopsticks,passes,scissors,gloves等。

Hisshoesareunderthebed.

9.以复数形式出现的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：belongings,surroundings,savings,clothes,goods,earnings,thanks,leavings等。

Thesurroundingsofthehouseareverybeautiful.

Hissavingshavebeenusedup.

10.表示个体的不定代词作主语或修饰主语，谓语动词用单数。如：either,neither,each,one,eachone,another,theother,something,somebody,everybody,everything,anyone等。

Either/NeitherisOKwithme.

Eachhashiso