南方凤凰台2025全国二轮英语第3节　背景常识.docx

第三节背景常识

高考完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着生活常识和文化背景等知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的生活常识和文化背景知识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化分析与判断过程，从而轻松地做出正确判断。

1.生活常识

(2024全国甲卷)Oneday,wehadafamilydinner.Whiletheadultswerebusywiththeirserioustalkoutside,Iwasleftaloneinthetohelpmygrandmotherwashdishes.

A.sittingroom B.kitchen

C.yard D.dininghall

【解析】根据下文中helpmygrandmotherwashdishes和常识可知，洗碗的地方通常在厨房(kitchen)。故选B。

(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme1Tiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand2themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.

1.A.feed B.follow

C.change D.load

2.A.call B.join

C.leave D.serve

【解析】根据常识可知，作者让George夫妇帮自己把Tiffy装到(load)飞机上。堪萨斯城只是一个运送宠物的中转地，George一家并不在此地，所以作者一到就打电话给George夫妇。故第1题选D，第2题选A。

(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Theskywasclearwhenweheadedoff,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequicklyourpeacefulmorningtrip.

A.arranged B.interrupted

C.completed D.recorded

【解析】作者一家出发时天气晴朗，但山里的暴风雨来得很迅猛，而这场突如其来的暴风雨中断了作者一家平静的清晨之旅。根据生活常识可知选B。

(2021全国甲卷)Burchillwasatthehotelonbusinessandplanningtovisitsomefriendsinthearea.Theyhadaskedhimtobringsomepepperoni(辣香肠)frombackeast.

A.studying B.staying

C.looking D.packing

【解析】根据生活常识及空格后的atthehotelonbusiness可知，Burchill出差时居住在酒店里。故选B。

2.人际交往

(2021全国乙卷)Shewasgratefulforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge(出院),wesharedinheratherrecovery.

A.surprise B.delight

C.curiosity D.disappointment

【解析】根据下文的herrecovery可知，病人康复出院自然会分享喜悦(delight)。故选B。

3.文化背景

Robertaappearedonthestage.Shetookadeepbreathandbegantospeak.NowshewasPortia,astrong-willedinShakespearesTheMerchantofVenice.Thetheatrewasfilledwithpeople.Shewasspeakingwithapowershehadneverbeforeexperienced,thewordsflowingsmoothlyfromher.

A.member B.actress

C.player D.character

【解析】莎士比亚是英国文学巨匠，他的作品人们耳熟能详，尤