人体结构与功能 14-The visual system学习资料.ppt

Chapter7TheVisualSystem

ContentSensoryReceptorandSenseOrgansFocusingontheRetinaFunctionoftheRetina

Reference–TextBookP21-22P121-140P410–416P423-442P572–576P613-639

Reference–CourseWebsite

Section1SensoryReceptorandSenseOrgans

Part1SensoryReceptorsspecializednervecellsthattransduceenergyintoneuralsignals“mode”specific“LawofSpecificNerveEnergies”:sensorymessagesarecarriedonseparatechannelstodifferentareasofthebraindetectasmallrangeofenergylevelsEye:400-700nMEar:20-20,000HzTastebuds:specificchemicals

SpectrumoftheElectromagneticWave

SomaticSensoryNerveEndings

FreeNerveEndingsdendritesinterspersedamongothercells/tissuespain,temperature,touch

EncapsulatedNerveEndingsdendriteswithspecialsupportingstructuresmechanoreceptorsandproprioceptors

ClassificationofReceptors:LocationExternoceptorsLocatedonthebodysurfaceorspecializedtodetectexternalstimuliPressure,pain,temp,touch,etc.Visceroceptorwithininternalorgans,detectinternalstimuliBloodpressure,pain,fullness.ProprioceptorsLimbandbodypositionandmovement.inthejointsandmusclesinthevestibularstructuresandthesemicircularcanalsoftheinnerear.

ClassificationofReceptors:ModalitiesMechanoceptiveDetectsstimuliwhichmechanicallydeformthereceptor;Pressure,vibration,touch,sound.ThermoceptiveDetectschangesintemperature;hot/coldNociceptive(pain)DetectsdamagetothestructuresPhotoreceptorsDetectlight;vision,retinaloftheeyeChemoceptiveDetectchemicalstimuliCO2andO2intheblood,glucose,small,taste

ClassificationofReceptors:ComplexitySimplereceptorsUsuallyasinglemodifieddendriteGeneralsenseTouch,pressure,pain,vibration,temperatureComplexityHighmodifieddendrites,organizedintocomplexstructuresear,eye.SpecialsensesVision,hearing,smell,taste

Whichreceptor?

SequenceofEventsinaReceptorStimulusReceptorProteinActivatedEnzymeCascade(insomeca