血小板抗原及其抗体检测ygc.pptVIP

Gene-Probe

GTIDiagnostics

血液制品

WholeBlood

RedBloodCellswhiteBloodCellsPlatelet-RichPlasma

PlateletsFresh

FrozenPlasma

人类血小板同种异体抗原

(HumanPlateletAlloantigens,HPA)

•HPA：血小板特有抗原,与Plt功能密切相关。目前

已检测出24个HPA抗原,除HPA-14bw基因是因核苷

酸1909—1911位置上AAG缺失外,其他的HPA基因均

为单核苷酸多态性(singlenucleotide

polymorphism,SNP)。

•免疫性：①SNP导致的单个氨基酸变化引起蛋白多

肽的空间结构变化〔多态性〕,影响抗原表位,产

生同种异体抗原，但并不改变分子功能,可诱发异

体免疫；②局部抗原是药物和病毒作用的靶子,进

而诱发免疫应答；③自身免疫产生的自身抗体。

HPA4

HPA2

HPA5

HPA1

HPA3

FrequenciesofHPAPolymorphisms

EuropeanBioinformaticsInstituteDatabase

PrimožRožman,TransplantImmunologyVolume10;2002,Pages165-181

CD36(GPIV)抗原

Platelets:

•亚洲人:3-11%

•北美:2.5%

•非洲:7.8%

•高加索人:0.06%

I型:AbsentfromPlateletsandMonocytes

–输血或怀孕存在免疫应答风险

II型:AbsentfromPlateletsonly

NAITPEthiology

platelet

platelet

platelet

ModelofPathogenesisinHITP

6b

Visentinetal,inHeparin-InducedThrombocytopenia;4thed.NewYork:InformaHealthcare,2007

aprimers11aa22aa33aa44aa55aa66aa1155aaeemmppttyy

MasterMix(for14+PCRs)Negative

DistributetoControl

2XPCRReagentMasterMix

TaqpolymerasePrimer-loaded(1+tubes)

SampleDNA

Water(tovolume)PCRTubes

bprimers11bb2b2b3b3b44bb5b5b6b