《计算机图形学》Chapter 8 合成与混合-（英文）教学课件（非AI生成）.ppt

CompositingandBlending1

ObjectivesLearntousetheAcomponentinRGBAcolorforBlendingfortranslucentsurfacesCompositingimagesAntialiasing2

OpacityandTransparencyOpaquesurfacespermitnolighttopassthroughTransparentsurfacespermitalllighttopassTranslucentsurfacespasssomelighttranslucency=1–opacity(a)opaquesurfacea=13

PhysicalModelsDealingwithtranslucencyinaphysicallycorrectmannerisdifficultduetothecomplexityoftheinternalinteractionsoflightandmatterUsingapipelinerenderer4

WritingModelUseAcomponentofRGBA(orRGBa)colortostoreopacityDuringrenderingwecanexpandourwritingmodeltouseRGBAvaluesColorBufferdestinationcomponentblenddestinationblendingfactorsourceblendingfactorsourcecomponent5

BlendingEquationWecandefinesourceanddestinationblendingfactorsforeachRGBAcomponents=[sr,sg,sb,sa]d=[dr,dg,db,da]Supposethatthesourceanddestinationcolorsareb=[br,bg,bb,ba]c=[cr,cg,cb,ca]Blendasc’=[brsr+crdr,bgsg+cgdg,bbsb+cbdb,basa+cada]6

OpenGLBlendingandCompositingMustenableblendingandpicksourceanddestinationfactorsglEnable(GL_BLEND)glBlendFunc(source_factor,destination_factor)OnlycertainfactorssupportedGL_ZERO,GL_ONEGL_SRC_ALPHA,GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHAGL_DST_ALPHA,GL_ONE_MINUS_DST_ALPHASeeRedbookforcompletelist7

ExampleSupposethatwestartwiththeopaquebackgroundcolor(R0,G0,B0,1)ThiscolorbecomestheinitialdestinationcolorWenowwanttoblendinatranslucentpolygonwithcolor(R1,G1,B1,a1)SelectGL_SRC_ALPHAandGL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHAasthesourceanddestinationblendingfactorsR’1=a1R1+(1-a1)R0,……Notethisformulaiscorrectifpolygoniseitheropaqueortransparent8

ClampingandAccuracyAllthecomponents(RGBA)areclampedandstayintherange(0,1)However,inatypicalsystem,RGBAvaluesareonlystoredto8bitsCaneasilylooseacc