静力学基本公理和物体的受力分析.pptxVIP

1Chapter1Exordium工程力学engineeringmechanics第二章静力学基本公理和物体的受力分析

thelawsofstatic2–2静力学公理constraintandconstraint?force2–3约束与约束反力thefreebodydiagramsofasinglebodyandsystemofbodies2–4物体的受力分析与受力图theconceptsofprincipleofstatics力学的基本概念和受力分析the?basic?concepts?of?staticnd?the?analysis?of?allforceswhich?act?on?the?body2–1静力学的基本概念

本章目标3

Inthis?chapter?we?will?introduce?the?basicConcepts?of?static?and?the?statements?of?general?static?principles.Tointroduce?the?Concepts?of?theconstraint?forces?and?discuss?howto?draw?the?free－body?diagram?for?a?body.

Chapterobjectives静力学模型Static?models:（1）?物体的合理抽象与简化

the?reasonable?reduction?andabstractof?thebody（2）受力的合理抽象与简化the?reasonable?reduction?and?abstractof?loadings（3）接触与连接方式的合理抽象与简化the?reasonable?reduction?and?abstractofcontactandjoinedmanners

5力是物体间相互的机械作用，它具有两种效应；一是使物体的运动状态发生改变，二是使物体产生变形。前者称为力的外效应。后者称为力的内效应。力的概念theconceptofforceTheforceismechanicalactionsbetweenoneandanotherbody,ithastwoeffects,oneismotioneffect,thatitwilltendtochangethebody’sstateofmotion,theotherisdeformationeffect,thatitwilltendtochangethebody’sshapeandsize.力的三要素：threeelementsofforce力是一个矢量，具有大小方向和作用点三个要素，常用一个带箭头的有方向线段表示力矢量。Forceisavector,thatisrepresentedgraphicallybyanarrow,whichisusedtodefineitsmagnitude,direction,andsense.Themagnitudeofthevectoristhelengthofthearrow,thedirectionisdefinedbytheanglebetweenreferenceaxisandthearrow’slineofaction,andthesenseisindicatedbythearrowhead.力的单位：unitsofforceNorKN

力系的概念Theconceptsofforcesystems作用于物体上的一群力Thesumofallloadingsactedonthebody平衡力系equilibriumforcesystems物体在力系作用下处于平衡，我们称这个力系为平衡力系。Abodysubjectedaforcesystemisequilibrium,thentheforcesystemiscalledequilibriumforcesystems平面力系forcesysteminaplane.Allfor