《系统解剖学》教学资料myology肌学.pptxVIP

Chapter3Myology肌学主讲人:冯娜

目的和要求掌握骨骼肌的构造、分类、起止和作用。了解肌的命名原则和肌的辅助装置。了解咀嚼肌的组成。掌握咬肌、颞肌的位置、起止概况和作用。掌握颈浅肌群的主要作用、斜角肌间隙。掌握斜方肌、背阔肌、竖脊肌、胸大肌、前锯肌的位置和主要作用。掌握膈的位置、形态结构特点及膈的功能。掌握腹前外侧肌群的位置、形态结构、起止概况和主要作用。掌握腹直肌鞘的组成。掌握腹股沟管和腹股沟三角的组成。

Bones:leverSkeletalmuscle:motiveforcesystemJoints:axis/hingeTherearemorethan600skeletalmusclesinthehumanbody,whichtogetheraccountforabout40percentofaperson’sweight.

structureMusclebelly肌腹Tendon肌腱aponeurosis腱膜Morphologyandstructureofskeletalmuscle

MorphologyLongmuscleShortmuscleFlatmuscleOrbicularmuscle

Theorigin,insertion,andarchitectureoftheskeletalmuscleTheoriginandinsertionoftheskeletalmuscleorigininsertion

Architectureofmuscles肌的配布:原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌

.Nomenclatureofmuscles肌的命名:shap,size,location,andtheirpointsofattachment

Ⅳ.ThesupplementarystructuresofmuscleFascia筋膜SuperficialfasciaDeepfasciaSynovialbursa滑膜囊

Tendinoussheath腱鞘FibrouslayerSynoviallayer:mesotendon腱系膜

Section2ThemusclesofheadThefacialmuscles面肌theepicraniusbuccinator

2.Themasticatorymuscles咀嚼肌themasseterthetemporalisthemedialpterygoidthelateralpterygoid

Section3ThemusclesofneckBytheirsituationsthemusclesofneckaredividedintothreegroups:superficialandlateral,anterior,deep.Ⅰ).thesuperficialandlateralgroup1.theplatysma颈阔肌

2.Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌◆Insertionmastoidprocess◆Origin

manubriumandsternalendofclavicle

◆Action

Theheadisinclinedlaterallyandthefaceisrotatedtotheoppositeside;protractsheadwhenactingtogether.

Ⅱ).theanteriorgroup1.thesuprahyoidmusclesdigastricmylohyoidstylohyoidGeniohyoid2.theinfrahyoidmusclessternohyoidomohyoidsternothyroidthyrohyoid

Ⅲ).thedeepgroup1.lateralgroupscalenusanteriorscalenusmediusscalenusposteriorscalenefissurebrachialplexussubclavianartery2.medialgroup

TheMusclesofTrunkTheMusclesofBackTheMusclesofTho