余热锅炉拉撑杆与管板连接处裂纹原因分析及预防措施.pdfVIP

第46卷第3期2025年6月化工装备技术61

压力容器

余热锅炉拉撑杆与管板连接处裂纹原因分析

及预防措施

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亚云启徐润泽罗昭强蒋磊陈超然

宁波市特种设备检验研究院，浙江宁波315048

摘要某在役余热锅炉斜拉撑杆与管板连接处出现裂纹并最终贯穿管板。通过宏观检验、金

相分析、烟气成分及水质检测等方法对失效机理进行了研究。结果表明，裂纹由烟气侧向水汽

侧扩展，其扩展机制与烟气中HS和HCl的腐蚀作用和高温环境密切相关。此外，裂纹萌生过程

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还受到应力集中效应、局部腐蚀和运行环境的共同影响。基于失效分析结论，提出了优化设计

结构、改进材料及优化运行环境等预防措施，有效降低了同类设备的失效风险。

关键词锅炉管板裂纹烟气腐蚀应力集中

中图分类号TK311DOI：10.16759/j.cnki.issn.1007-7251.2025.06.015

AnalysisandPreventiveMeasuresforCracksattheConnectionbetween

theSupportingRodsandtheTubeSheetoftheWasteHeatBoiler

YAYunqiXURunzeLUOZhaoqiangJIANGLeiCHENChaoran

NingboSpecialEquipmentInspectionandResearchInstitute,Ningbo,Zhengjiang315048

Abstract:Acrackappearedattheconnectionbetweenthediagonalbraceofawasteheatboilerandthetube

plate,andeventuallypenetratedthetubeplate.Thefailuremechanismwasstudiedthroughmacroscopicinspection,

metallographicanalysis,smokecompositionandwaterqualitytestingmethods.Theresultsindicatethatthecrack

propagatesfromthefluegassidetothewatersteamside,anditspropagationmechanismiscloselyrelatedtothe

corrosiveeffectsofHSandHClinthefluegasandhigh-temperatureenvironment.Inaddition,theprocessof

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crackinitiationisalsoinfluencedbystressconcentration,localcorrosionandoperatingenvironment.Basedonthe

conclusionoffailureanalysis,preventivemeasuressuchasoptimizingthedesignstructure,improvi