最坏执行时间分析中的时序异常问题.pdfVIP

计算机研究与发展

Journal

of

Computer

Research

and

Development62（4）：1033−1049，2025

最坏执行时间分析中的时序异常问题

蒋滨泽朱钇宣陈香兰龚小航高银康李曦

（中国科学技术大学计算机科学与技术学院合肥230027）

（中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院江苏苏州215004）

（jiangbinze@）

TimingAnomaliesIssueinWCETAnalysis

Jiang

Binze,

Zhu

Yixuan,

Chen

Xianglan,

Gong

Xiaohang,

Gao

Yinkang,

and

Li

Xi

（SchoolofComputerScienceandTechnology,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei230027）

（SuzhouInstituteforAdvancedResearch,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Suzhou,Jiangsu215004）

AbstractTiming

anomalies

are

counter-intuitive

behaviors

observed

in

worst-case

execution

time

(WCET)

analysis.

A

key

aspect

of

these

anomalies

is

that

a

locally

faster

execution

does

not

necessarily

lead

to

a

reduction

in

the

overall

program

execution

time.

Therefore,

WCET

analysis

must

examine

all

possible

execution

states

conservatively

to

ensure

the

safety

of

the

analysis

results,

making

the

process

extremely

challenging.

On

the

contrary,

if

it

can

be

ensured

that

there

are

no

timing

anomalies

in

the

program

and

platform

to

be

analyzed,

the

number

of

states

and

the

time

required

for

WCET

analysis

can

be

significantly

reduced.

Consequently,

addressing

timing

anomalies

is

a

critical

challenge

in

WCET

analysis.

However,

despite

more

than

20

years

of

research,

the

academic

community

has

not

reached

a

unified

definition

and

consensus

on

the

problem

of

timing

anomalies.

This

article

reviews

various

perspectives

from

the

literature

since

the

concept

of

timing

anomalies

was

first

introduced.

We

classify

these

viewpoints

based

on

their

definitions

and

descriptions,

and

evaluate

their

respective

strengths

and

weaknesses.

Additionally,

we

investigate

the

causes

of

timing

anomal