高中数学选修2-1逻辑命题与条件关系知识点.pdfVIP

Elective2-1,2-2,2-3knowledge

points

Elective

2-1

Chapter1Commonlyused

logicalterms

1.Propositionsand

theirrelationships

1Therelationshipweenthefour

kindsofpropositions:2Theinverse

andneivepropositionsareboth

trueandfalse

2.Sufficientconditionsand

necessaryconditions

pisanecessaryandsufficientconditionforq:pq⇔pis

asufficientandunnecessaryconditionforq:,pqqp¿

pisanecessaryandinsufficientconditionofq:,qppq

¿pisasufficientandunnecessaryconditionofq:,pq

qpdependson

3.Logicalconnectives“or”,“and”and“not”

4.Universalquantifiersand

existentialquantifiers

Payattentiontotheneiveformoftheproposition(associatedwiththecounter-argumentof

proofbycontradiction),whichismainlythechangeofthequantifier.

Example:a=1is()of0,21axxx∀+≥

A.SufficientandunnecessaryconditionsB.NecessaryandinsufficientconditionsC.Necessaryandsufficientconditions

D.Neithersufficientnornecessaryconditions

第二章圆锥曲线与方程

1.三种圆锥曲线的性质（以焦点在x轴为例）

椭圆双曲线抛物线

与两个定点的距离和等与两个定点的距离差的与一个定点和一

定义于常数绝对值等于常数条定直线的距离

2a(2a|FF|)2a(2a|FF|)

1212相等

2222

xy