大学英语词汇与写作.pptVIP

ChapterI;BeCarefulaboutWords;BeCarefulaboutExpressions;Content;PartILevelsofWords;Thedegreeofformality;FormalWords;Ifthehumanmindswerestrictlylogicaldevicelikeacalculatingmachine,itwoulddealwithwordssimplyasnamesofcategories,andwithcategoriesasessentialtoolsforimposingorderorsystemonauniversewhichotherwisepresentsitselfasanunsortedchaosofsenseofstimuli.Buthumanreactiontowords,likemuchotherhumanbehavior,isalsomotivatedbyirrationalimpulsessuchasthosewelabellove,hate,joy,sorrow,fear,awe,andsoforth;andwhenevertheusersofalangueevinceafairlyuniformemotionalresponsetoagivenword,thatresponsebecomepartoftheconnotation,thereforepartofthestandardmeaningofthewordinthatlanguage.;FormalCommon;StandardorCommonWords;Afterworkingforatimewithhisfather,hebeganteachingspeechataboy’sschool.Hisfreetimewasspentinstudyingsound.Ashestudiedthehumanvoiceandvibrationsthatwenttomakeupsound,hefoundthatthevoicewasnotasimplething.Sohecontinuedhisstudiesandhisteachinguntiltheageoftwenty-threewhenhemovedwithhisfamilytoCanada.;ColloquialorInformalWords;Example:;Note:;Comparethefollowingitalicwords:;SlangWords;Example:;Note:;putoffpostpone

coverupconceal

comeacrossencounter

takepartinparticipate

cutdownreduce

breakupdisintegrate;makeacontributioncontribute

giveconsiderationtoconsider

theapplicationofapply

adjectivephrasesverbs

beforgetfulofforget

beenviousof(嫉妒)envy

becontemptuousofcontempt(轻蔑);Exerise1：Doyouknowthefollowingformalwords？AndwhataretheirAnglo-Saxonoriginals？;Exercise2：WhataretheformalequivalentsoftheseAnglo-Saxonoriginals？;Exerise3：Hereisabeginning