专题：球外接与内切问题构造长方体求解模型.pdfVIP

Questionsabouttheoutsideand

insideoftheball1

Questiontype1:Constructinga

cuboidandsolvingit

Case1CornerModel

Whenencounteringtheabovefourkindsoftriangularpyramids(withthreeperpendicularstraightlines),youcan

constructacuboidtosolvethecircumscribedsphereradius

StepstoSolvefortheRadius

ofanEncircledSphere

1Determinethepositionofthecenterofthespherethecenterofthesphereofthe

circumscribedballisthemidpointofthediagonalofthecuboid;

2Findtheradiusthediagonalofthecuboidisthediameterofthecircumscribedsphere,then

మమమ

◌ା◌ା

ሺሻଶଶଶଶ√

2െ◌ൗ⇒◌ൗ

.

ଶ

情况2对棱相等的三棱锥

若三棱锥(即四面体)中，已知三组对棱分别相等(െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ,െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ,െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ

，求外接球半径.

求解外接球半径步骤

①确定球心位置：如上图构造一个长方体，标出三组互为异面直线的对棱；

②求半径

设长方体的长宽高分别为,,െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ,െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ,െ◌ൗെ◌ൗ列方程

组

ଶଶଶ

െ◌ൗ

ଶଶଶ

ଶଶଶሺሻଶଶ

൝െ◌ൗ⇒2െ◌ൗ

ଶଶ2

െ◌ൗ

ଶଶଶ

െ◌ൗ

求出

【典题1】如图，在三棱锥，⊥平面െ◌ൗ1，െ◌ൗ2，െ◌ൗ3，െ◌ൗ

√11，则三棱锥

接球的体积为.

【典题2】如图，在三棱锥，⊥平面⊥，⊥，െ◌ൗ

，若三棱锥接球表面积为8则三棱锥积的最大值为