完整word版-微观计算题库及答案-推荐文档.doc

1.Marketresearchhasrevealedthefollowinginformationaboutthemarketforchocolatebars:ThedemandschedulecanberepresentedbytheequationQd=1,600–300P,whereQdisthequantitydemandedandPistheprice.ThesupplyschedulecanberepresentedbytheequationQs=1,400+700P,whereQsisthequantitysupplied.

Calculatetheequilibriumpriceandquantityinthemarketforchocolatebars.

Calculatethepriceelasticityofdemandandsupplyinequilibriumlevel.

a.Equilibriumoccurswherequantitydemandedisequaltoquantitysupplied.

Thus:

Qd=Qs

1,600–300P=1,400+700P

200=1,000P

P=$0.20

Qd=1,600–300(0.20)=1,600–60=1,540

Qs=1,400+700(0.20)=1,400+140=1,540.

Theequilibriumpriceofachocolatebaris$0.20andtheequilibriumquantityis1,540bars.

b.Inequilibrium,

epd=-1/300*0.2/1540=-1/2310000

eps=1/700*0.2/1540=1/5390000

2.Thesupplyanddemandforbroccoli(西兰花）aredescribedbythefollowingequations:

Supply:QS=4P–80

Demand:QD=100–2P.

Qisinbushels,andPisindollarsperbushel.

a.Graphthesupplycurveandthedemandcurve.Whatistheequilibriumpriceandquantity?

b.Calculateconsumersurplus,producersurplus,andtotalsurplusattheequilibrium.

c.Ifadictatorwhohatedbroccoliweretobanthevegetable,whowouldbearthelargerburden—thebuyersorsellersofbroccoli?

a.Inequilibrium,QS=QD

Therefore,4P–80=100–2P

Pe=30,Qe=40

b.CS=40*(50-30)/2=400

PS=40*(30-20)/2=200

TS=CS+PS=400+200=600

c.Ifadictatorweretobanthevegetable,thetotalsurplus,includingCSandPS,willdecreaseto0.TheconsumerswillbearthelargerburdenbecauseofmoredecreaseinCSthanPS.

3.Supposethatamarketisdescribedbythefollowingsupplyanddemandequations:

Qs=2P

Qd=300–P

a.Solvefortheequilibriumpriceandtheequilibriumquantity.

b.SupposethatataxofTisplacedonbuyers,sothenewdemandequationis

Qd=300–(P+T).