PUMAC2010团队题解与四同牌问题.pdfVIP

TheTeamTestSolutions

1Across

1AcrossTetrahedronABCDhasbaseBCDwhichisanequilateraltrianglewithside

•4

length2.AB=AC=3andAD=4.LetMbethecentroidoftetrahedronABCDandN

ANp

bethecentroidofBCD.Write=,wherepandqarerelativelyprimeintegers.You

4

AMq

aretosubmittheconcatenationofpandq.

Solution:Theanswerdoesnotdependonthetetrahedronatall.Rather,thefactthattheratio

is4isjustaconsequenceofthefactthatthecentroidisthecenterofmassofthetetrahedron.

3

•4AcrossYouhave2010ordinarydecksofcards.Youshufflethemalltogether.Youthen

drawtheleastnumberofcardsfromthisgiganticcombinedpackof201052cardssothat

×

youareguaranteedtohaveafour-of-a-kind(i.e.fourcardsofthesamerank.Theydonot

havetobefromdifferentsuitsinthisscenario).Supposeyoushoulddrawkcardsforsome

integerk.Whatarethelasttwodigitsofk?

Solution:40.Thenumberofdecksisirrelevant:thesameanswerholdsforamilliondecks.

Anycardisoneof13differentvalues,andsothereare13possibilitieseachtimeacardisdrawn.

Theslowestwaytoobtainafourofakind,therefore,istofirstdraw13three-of-a-kinds,and

thenonemorecard.

5Acrossfisaquadraticpolynomialsuchthatf(1)=31,f(2)=33,andf(5)=27.

•−−−

Findf(10).

团队测试解决方案

1

•1四面体ABCD有底边4BCD，它是边长为2的等边三角形。AB=AC