生物科学专业英语自测题及解答参考集.docxVIP

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生物科学专业英语自测题及解答参考集

一、选择题（每题2分，共10题）

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaproductofphotosynthesis?

-A.Glucose

-B.Oxygen

-C.Carbondioxide

-D.ATP

2.Theprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergyiscalled:

-A.Respiration

-B.Fermentation

-C.Photosynthesis

-D.Transpiration

3.Whichgeneticdisorderiscausedbyadeletionofchromosome21?

-A.Downsyndrome

-B.Hemophilia

-C.Cysticfibrosis

-D.Sicklecellanemia

4.Thetermeukaryotereferstoorganismsthat:

-A.Lackanucleus

-B.Haveanucleusenclosedinamembrane

-C.Areprokaryotic

-D.Reproduceasexually

5.WhichenzymeisessentialforDNAreplication?

-A.Lipase

-B.Amylase

-C.Helicase

-D.Lactase

二、填空题（每题2分，共5题）

6.Theprocessbywhichcellsdivideandreproduceiscalled________.

7.Thestructurethatcarriesgeneticinformationincellsisthe________.

8.Thetermosmosisreferstothemovementofwateracrossa________.

9.Thechemicalreactionthatbreaksdownglucosetoproduceenergyiscalled________.

10.Thestructurethatprotectsthespinalcordisthe________.

三、简答题（每题5分，共3题）

11.Explaintheroleofchlorophyllinphotosynthesis.

12.Describethemaindifferencesbetweenmitosisandmeiosis.

13.WhatisthesignificanceoftheHardy-Weinbergequilibriuminpopulationgenetics?

四、翻译题（每题10分，共2题）

14.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:细胞通过线粒体进行有氧呼吸，将葡萄糖转化为能量和二氧化碳。

15.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:基因突变可能导致遗传疾病，科学家通过基因编辑技术可以修复这些突变。

五、论述题（每题15分，共2题）

16.Discusstheimportanceofenzymekineticsinbiochemistry.ExplainhowtemperatureandpHaffectenzymeactivity.

17.Describethestructureandfunctionofthehumanimmunesystem.Howdoesitprotectthebodyfrompathogens?

答案及解析

一、选择题

1.C.Carbondioxide

解析：Photosynthesis的产物是葡萄糖和氧气，而二氧化碳是反应物。

2.C.Photosynthesis

解析：Photosynthesis是植物利用光能合成有机物的过程。

3.A.Downsyndrome

解析：Downsyndrome是由21号染色体缺失引起的遗传病。

4.B.Haveanucleusenclosedinamembrane

解析：Eukaryo