《工业分析 Industrial Analysis》课件——沸点概念及测定方法（双语）.pptxVIP

项目八：常规物理常数与性能分析任务三：沸点和沸程的测定沸点和沸程概念及测定方法课程：工业分析中文

Scenario8:PhysicalconstantsandperformancetestingTask3：DeterminationofboilingpointandboilingrangeTheconceptsandmeasurementmethodsofboilingpointandboilingrangeCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish

沸腾：当液体受热后温度升高，它的蒸气压也随之上升，当液体的蒸气压与大气压相等时，称为沸腾。沸点：在标准状态下，液体沸腾时的温度。标示为Tbp。沸程：挥发性有机液体样品，在标准规定下蒸馏，第一滴馏出物从冷凝管末端落下的瞬间温度（初馏点）至蒸馏瓶底最后一滴液体蒸发的瞬间温度（终馏点）之间的温度间隔。一、基本概念中文

Boiling:Whenaliquidisheatedanditstemperaturerises,itsvaporpressurealsoincreases.Whenthevaporpressureoftheliquidisequaltoatmosphericpressure,itiscalledboiling.Boilingpoint:Thetemperatureatwhichaliquidboilsunderstandardconditions.MarkedasTbp.Boilingrange:Thetemperatureintervalbetweentheinstanttemperature(initialboilingpoint)atwhichthefirstdropofdistillatefallsfromtheendofthecondensertubeandtheinstanttemperature(finalboilingpoint)atwhichthelastdropofliquidevaporatesatthebottomofthedistillationflask,whenavolatileorganicliquidsampleisdistilledunderstandardspecifications.一、BasicconceptsEglish

初馏点：是指油品在规定的条件下进行馏程的测定中，当冷凝管中流出第一滴冷凝液时的气相温度，以℃表示。终馏点：是指油品在规定的条件下进行馏程的测定，蒸馏过程中的最高气相温度，以℃表示。馏分：是指在某一温度范围蒸出的馏出物。如汽油馏分、煤油馏分、柴油馏分及润滑油馏分等。温度范围窄的称为窄馏分，温度范围宽的称为宽馏分。干点：蒸馏烧瓶底部最后一滴液体汽化的瞬间所测得的气相温度，以℃表示。中文

Initialboilingpoint:referstothegasphasetemperatureofanoilproductwhenthefirstdropofcondensateflowsoutofthecondensertubeduringdistillationunderspecifiedconditions,expressedin℃.Finalboilingpoint:referstothehighestgasphasetemperatureduringthedistillationprocessofanoilproductunderspecifiedconditions,expressedin℃.Distillate:referstothedistillatedistilledwithinacertaintemperaturerange.Suchasgasolinefraction,kerosenefraction,dieselfraction,andlubricatingoilfraction.Anarrowtemperaturerangeiscalledanarrowfraction,whileawidetemperaturerangeiscalledawidefraction.Drypoint:Thegasph