美国3历史-美国概况-英语国家概况-英美概况.pptVIP

AmericanHistoryLecturer:QinJie

AimsGettoknowthegeneralhistoryofUSGettoknowthespecificandsignificanteventsofUShistoryGettoknowtheimportanthistoricalfigures

BeginningPeriods1.EarlyAmericanHistory2.TheWarofIndependence

Before1492

TheEarliestInhabitantsAround20,000yearsago,agroupofAsianpeoplearrivedinCentralandSouthAmericasbywayofNorthAmerica.ThesepeopleweretheancestorsofAmericanIndians.Around10,000yearsago,anothergroupofAsianpeoplecametothenorthernpartofNorthAmerica,andtheyweretheancestorsofthelaterEskimos.WhenColumbusfoundthenewcontinent,therewereabout20millionIndianslivinginAmericas–Canada,mid-northernandthesouthernpartsoftheU.S.,Mexico.

DiscoveryInlate15th-centuryEurope,therewasagreatdemandforspices,textilesanddyesfromAsia.ChristopherColumbus,amarinerfromItalybelievedthathecouldreachtheFarEastbysailingfromEurope.In1492,ColumbuspersuadedthequeenofSpaintofinancehisvoyagetoAsia,buthereachedAmericaatlast,andhecalledthenativepeople“Indians.”TheSpanishestablishedsomesettlementsintoday’sFlorida,NewMexicoandCalifornia.

DiscoveryThereasonsofEuropeans’comingtoAmerica(3Gs):1.Theneedforincreasedtrade;2.ThezealofSpanishprieststoconvertthenativeIndianstoChristianity;3.TheneedofEuropeanreligiousandpoliticaldissentersforrefugefrompersecutionintheirhomelands;4.Thethirstforadventure.

EnglishSettlementsTheBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericawerealsooccupiedbymanynon-Britishnationalgroups:GermanssettledinPennsylvania,SwedesfoundedthecolonyofDelaware,andAfricanslavesfirstarrivedinVirginiain1619.In1626DutchsettlerspurchasedManhattanIslandfromlocalIndiansandbuiltthetownofNewAmsterdam;in1664thesettlementwascapturedbytheEnglishandrenamedNewYork.

ColonialEraTheU.S.neverhadafeudalaristocracy.Lan