C++与面向对象编程：特性与功能.pdfVIP

6.5C++ANDOBJECT-ORIENTED

PROGRAMMING

Mainpoint:

●Functionsandfeaturesofobject-oriented

programming

●MajorfeaturesofC++

C++fullysupportsobject-orientedprogramming,

includingthefourpillarsofobject-orienteddevelopment:

encapsulation,datahiding,inheritance,andpolymorphism

［1］.Whenanengineerneedstoaddaresistortothedevice

sheiscreating,shedoesn’ttypicallybuildanewonefrom

scratch］.Shewalksovertoabinofresistors,examines

定语从句

thecoloredbandsthatindicatetheproperties,andpicksthe

onesheneeds.Theresistorisa“blackbox”asfarasthe

engineerisconcerned—shedoesn’tmuchcarehowitdoes

itsworkaslongasitconformstoherspecifications

［3］;shedoesn’tneedtolookinsidetheboxtouseitin

herdesign.

?1●Pointoutfourfeaturesofobject-oriented

programming

Thepropertyofbeingaself-containedunitiscalled

encapsulation.Withencapsulation,wecanplishdata

hiding.Datahidingisthehighlyvaluedcharacteristicthat

状语从句

bjectcanbeusedwithouttheuserknowingorcaring

howitworksinternally.

Justasyoucanusearefrigeratorwithoutknowinghowthe

compressorworks,youcanuseawell-designedobject

withoutknowingaboutitsinternaldatamembers.

?2●Doestheencapsulationmeanhiding?

Similarly,whentheengineerusestheresistor,sheneednot

knowanythingabouttheinternalstateoftheresistor.Allthe

propertiesoftheresistorareencapsulatedintheresistor

object;theyarenotspreadoutthroughthecircuitry［4］.

宾语从句

Itisnotnecessarytounderstandhowtheresistorworksin

ordertouseiteffectively.Itsdataishiddeninsidethe

resistor’scasing.

C++supportsthepropertiesofencapsulationanddata

hid