我国基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性、效率及优化路径研究.pdfVIP

卫生政策Jospital

医院管理论坛

我国基层医疗卫生资源配置公平性、效率及

优化路径研究

Equity,Efficiency,andOptimizationPathwaysinPrimaryHealthcare

ResourceAllocation:AChinaStudy

樊婧婧FANJing-jing姜冠潮JIANGGuan-chao

摘要Abstract

目的分析我国基层医疗卫生资源配置的公平性与效率，为优化基层医疗卫生资源配置提供参考。方法基于

2012一2021年面板数据，运用集聚度、数据包络法和Tobit模型分析资源配置公平性、效率和影响因素。结果东

部地区地理资源集聚度偏高；东部地区在执业（助理）医师和注册护士的配置公平性高于中西部地区，中西部地

区在医疗卫生机构和床位数的配置公平性优于东部地区；我国资源配置效率区域差异较大，主要受经济、人口密度、

城镇化和老龄化影响。结论我国东部地区地理资源集聚度较大，中西部地区人才资源配置的人口可及性较低。应

统筹医疗卫生资源，推进城市医疗资源下沉，加强基层医疗人才队伍和紧密型县域医共体建设，提升基层医疗水平。

ObjectiveToanalyzetheequityandefficiencyofprimaryhealthcareresourceallocationinChinaandprovideevidence

foroptimizingresourcedistribution.MethodsBasedonpaneldatafrom2012to2021,thisstudyemployedtheagglomeration

degreemethod,dataenvelopmentanalysis(DEA),andTobitregressionmodelstoassesstheequity,efficiency,andinfluencing

factorsofresourceallocation.ResultsTheeasternregionexhibitedahighergeographicalagglomerationofhealthcare

resources.Theallocationoflicensed(assistant)physiciansandregisterednurseswasmoreequitableintheeasternregion

comparedtothecentralandwesternregions,whereasthedistributionofhealthcareinstitutionsandhospitalbedswasmore

balancedinthecentralandwesternregions.Significantregionaldisparitieswereobservedinresourceallocationefficiency,

primarilyinfluencedbyeconomicdevelopment,populationdensity,urbanization,andagingdemographics.ConclusionThe

easternregionshowsahigherconcentrationofgeographicalhealthcareresources,whilethecentralandwesternregionsface

lowerpopulationaccessibilitytohumanresources.Policymakersshouldadoptacoordinatedapproachtohealthcareresource

allocation,