2025~2026学年上海市上海师范大学附属外国语中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷.docVIP

2025~2026学年上海市上海师范大学附属外国语中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷

一、语法填空

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

PredictingPowerfulWaves

TheearthquakeinRussiasKamchatkaPeninsulaonJuly30mayhavebeenoneof1(strong)everrecorded,withamagnitudeof8.8.Butthankstoadvancesinscienceandtechnology,governmentshadenoughtimetowarnandevacuatepeople2thetsunamiarrived.

Tounderstandhowcoastalcommunitiesareprotected,youfirstneedtoknowhowtsunamisareformed.Theyarecausedwhentheseafloormovesafteranearthquake,landslideorvolcaniceruption.Thismovementreleasesenergy,whichpushesawavethroughthedeepsea.Differentfromnormaloceanwavescausedbywindandstorms,tsunamiwavesmovethroughthewholedepthofthewater,notjustthesurface.

ThefirstearlywarningsystemforthePacificOcean3(set)upin1948.Sincethen,warningaccuracyandspeedhaveimprovedgreatly.Onekeystepwasin1963,4aworldwidenetworkofseismometers（测震仪）wasbuilt.Thismadeiteasiertofindthelocationandstrengthofanearthquake.

In1978,thissystemwasupgradedtoadigitalbroadbandglobalnetworkofseismometers,whichcouldgivemoredetailedinformationmorequickly.Scientistscouldnowestimatetheearthquakessize,wherethegroundsplit,and5itmovedinthreedimensions.

Today,46countriessharedatathroughthePacificOceanwarningsystem.6usesbothphysicalandstatisticalmodelstopredicttsunamiheight.Satellitescannowmeasurewaveheightdirectlyfromspace7(use)radar.Forecastmethodshavealsoimproved.ScientistshaveevenstartedusingAIprogramstomakepredictions