高考英语虚拟语气知识点.docVIP

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高考英语虚拟语气知识点

英语动词有三种语气

Wemetinthisroom.陈说语气

DocometothemeetingnextFriday.祈使语气

IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.虚拟语气

虚拟语气是一个特殊的动词形式(verbstructure),用来表达说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact),而只是一个假设(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion)或怀疑(doubt)等等。

1.If引导的条件状语从句(1)

If从句

主句

与现在相反

did(be用were)

Would/should

/could/might

+do

与过去相反

had+done

Would/should/

could/might+have+done

与将来相反

did(be用were)

wereto+do

should+do

Would/should/

could/might)+do

IfIwonthelotterynow,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.

现在事实相反

Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.

过去事实相反

IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.

将来事实相反

2.名词性从句的虚拟语气

(1).Wish引导的宾语从句

与现在?事实相反?:过去时(were)

与过去事实相反:?had+过去分词

与将来?事实相反?:would/could/might+V

e.g.:IwishIwereabird.

Iwishhehadn‘tdonethat.(do)

IwishIwouldberichinthefuture.

(2)表达规定,命令,建议的虚拟语气

宾语从句中常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,三个建议,四个规定。即

1).insist

2).order,command

3).advise,suggest,propose

4).demand,require,request,desire

WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.

HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent(出席的).

Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.

Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.

Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.

Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.

注意:假如suggest,insist不表达“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事”时,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈说语气。

Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill

Theboyinsistedthathewasright.

1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobey(obey)therules.

2.Heinsistedthatshewas(be)seriouslyillandthatbesent(send)tohospitalsatonce.

状语从句?

1)as?if/as?though引导的状语从句??as?if/as?though(仿佛、仿佛)引起方式状语从句,

a.通常过去时(表达与现在事实相反)??b.过去完成时(表达与过去事实相反)??c.would?+do(表达与将来事实相反)?

Helooksasifhewerehisfather.他看起来像他的爸爸。

Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.

Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.

Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim.

虚拟语气特殊句型:

现在:did(were)

ifonly过

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