内科考试题库及答案英文.docVIP

内科考试题库及答案英文

MultipleChoiceQuestions(10questions,2pointseach)

1.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsymptomofheartfailure?

A.Hypertension

B.Bradycardia

C.Dyspnea

D.Hypotension

Answer:C.Dyspneaisatypicalsymptomofheartfailureastheheartisunabletopumpenoughbloodeffectively,leadingtofluidaccumulationinthelungscausingshortnessofbreath.Hypertensionishighbloodpressurewhichmaycontributetoheartfailurebutisnotadirectsymptom.Bradycardiaisslowheartrateandhypotensionislowbloodpressure,neitherarethemostcharacteristicsymptomsofheartfailure.

2.Themainstayoftreatmentfortype2diabetesisusually:

A.Insulininjections

B.Oralhypoglycemicagents

C.Dietcontrolonly

D.Exercisealone

Answer:B.Oralhypoglycemicagentsareoftenthefirstlineoftreatmentfortype2diabetes.Insulininjectionsaremorecommonlyusedintype1diabetesorinadvancedcasesoftype2diabetes.Dietcontrolandexerciseareimportantadjunctsbutnotthemainstayoftreatment.

3.Whichofthefollowingisamajorriskfactorforstroke?

A.Hypothyroidism

B.Hyperlipidemia

C.Hypocalcemia

D.Hypokalemia

Answer:B.Hyperlipidemia,especiallyhighlevelsofcholesterolandtriglycerides,canleadtotheformationofatheroscleroticplaquesinthebloodvesselssupplyingthebrain,increasingtheriskofstroke.Hypothyroidism,hypocalcemia,andhypokalemiadonothavethesamedirectrelationshipwithstrokeriskashyperlipidemia.

4.Apatientpresentswithchestpainthatisrelievedbynitroglycerin.Thisismostlikelydueto:

A.Myocardialinfarction

B.Stableangina

C.Unstableangina

D.Pericarditis

Answer:B.Stableanginaischaracterizedbychestpainthatistypicallyrelievedbynitroglycerin.Myocardialinfarctionpainmaynotbecompletelyrelievedormaybeonlypartiallyalleviated.Unstableanginapainismoresevereandlesslikelytobefullyrelievedbynitroglycerin.Pericarditispainisnottypi