中国文化概况(修订版)Chapter-4.pptxVIP

1;2;3;4;WatchthevideoclipanddiscussthereasonwhyShanghaischoolsoutperformtheEntireWorldOnTests.;6;

PrivateSchools

OfficialSchools

ImperialCivil

ExaminationSystem

;Aschoolsetupbyafamily,clan,orteacherthat

Generallywithjustoneteachergivingindividualtuition

Nosettextbooksnorspecifiedtimespanofstudy

PrevailedIntheSpringandAutumnPeriod

Manyscholarsofdifferentschoolsofthoughtspreadtheirteachinginthisway.

TheprivateschoolrunbyConfuciuswasthelargestandmostinfluential.;BeganduringtheWesternZhouDynasty

Onlychildrenofnobleswereadmitted.

Theofficialschoolingsystemincludedacentralschoolandlocalschoolsindifferentadministrativeregions.

Teachingmaterials:centeredontheFourBooksandtheFiveClassics(四书五经)

GraduallydeterioratedaftertheSuidynasty

;FourBooks

TheGreatLearning《大学》

TheDoctrineofMean《中庸》

TheAnalectsofConfucius

《论语》

Mencius《孟子》;

CameintobeingduringtheTangDynastyandcontinueduntiltheendoftheQingDynasty

Establishedinvariouslocalitiesforstudiesandlectures

Existedforthousandsofyearsandweremorelikethepresenthighereducationinstitutionsandlibraries

Becamethegatheringplacesforscholars,celebrities,andintellectuals

Whentheimperialcivilexaminationsystemwasabolished,mostoftheacademieswereconvertedintoschools.

;fourfamousacademiesofancientChina;DominatededucationinChina’sfeudalsociety

Themethodbywhichtalentedpeoplewererecognizedandselectedasgovernmentofficials

OriginatedintheSuiDynastyandlastedmorethan1,300yearsuntilthelateQingDynasty.

Onceservedasapositivemethodtoenablealmostallmentorealisetheirpotential,regardlessoftheirparentageorage.

Abolishedin1905

;TwoTypes

Thecivilexaminationfeaturedwriting,which

involvedthewritingofanEight-partessay

(八股文),andwasdesignedtoselectJinshi.

The