一次气旋暴雨过程的水汽特征分析.pdfVIP

技创新与应用

20264期echnologyInnovationandApplication研究视界

DOI10.19981/j.CN23-1581/G3.2026.04.029

一次气旋暴雨过程的水汽特征分析

丁晓敏，沈伟，程昕，唐舟，周航，唐雪娇

宿迁市气象局，江苏宿迁223800）

摘要：以2023年8月27日气旋暴雨过程为研究对象，利用常规地面、高空观测资料、FNL再分析数据等资料，结合天气实

况、大气环流形势，从水汽水平输送、水汽垂直输送、水汽收支3个维度，揭示气旋暴雨的水汽供应机制。结果表明，此次暴雨在高

空槽、江淮气旋与远距离台风共同作用下导致，存在西南急流与东南急流双通道水汽输送；水汽收支呈现“低层南边界主导输入、

中层西边界主导输入、高层净输出”的分层特征；低层强合与高层强散驱动的强烈上升运动，为水汽垂直抬升凝结提供关键动

力，最终导致区域性暴雨到大暴雨和极端短时强水。

关键词气旋暴雨；远距离台风；环流形势；水汽输送；水汽收支

中图分类号P458文献标志码A文章编号2095-2945渊2026冤04-0员圆苑-0源

Abstract:TakingthecyclonerainstormeventonAugust27,2023asacasestudy,thisresearchutilizesconventionalsurface

andupper-airobservations,FNLreanalysisdata,andotherrelevantdatasets.Byanalyzingthesynopticconditionsandatmospheric

circulationpatterns,thestudyinvestigatesthewatervaporsupplymechanismofthecyclonerainstormfromthreeperspectives:

horizontalwatervaportransport,verticalwatervaportransport,andwatervaporbudget.Theresultsshowthattherainstormis

causedbythecombinedactionofthehightrough,theJianghuaicycloneandthelong-distancetyphoon,andThereisadual

channelwatervaportransportofsouthwestjetstreamandsoutheastjetstream;Thewatervaporbudgetexhibitsahierarchical

featureoflow-levelsouthernboundarydominatedinput,mid-levelwesternboundarydominatedinput,andhigh-levelnet

output;Thestrongupwardmovementdrivenbythestrongconvergenceatthelowerlevelandthestrongdivergenceattheupper

levelprovidesthekeypowerfortheverticalupliftandcondensationofwatervapor,whicheventuallyleadstoregionalrainstor