（11页PPT）晶体结构的对称元素和对称操作.pptVIP

7.2Symmetryincrystalstructures.

7.2.1SymmetryelementsandsymmetryoperationsSymmetryelementsandsymmetryoperationsSymmetryexistsallaroundusandmanypeopleseeitasbeingathingofbeauty.Asymmetricalobjectcontainswithinitselfsomepartswhichareequivalenttooneanother.Crystallographersmakeuseofallthesymmetryinacrystaltominimizethenumberofindependentcoordinatesa.Latticesymmetryb.Pointsymmetryc.Othertranslationalsymmetryelements:screwaxesandglideplanesLatticesymmetry---translationoperationTmnp=ma+nb+p